Degree | Type | Year | Semester |
---|---|---|---|
2502444 Chemistry | OT | 4 | 0 |
To attend this course it is necessary to have previously approved the subjects: "Estructura i reactivitat dels compostos orànics" "Mètodes de sintesi" i Laboratori de síntesi"
The general objective of the subject "Bioorganic Chemistry" is to provide the students with a general overview of natural products (structural, biosynthetic and ecological characterictics, and their applications as a source of biological active compounds.
Notions about the structural chemistry and biosynthesis of natural products will be provided as well as their function and utility as drugs or other interesting biological activities.
The training objectives of the subject can be summerized in:
1- To understand and know the structures of the importsnt natural products of the secondary metabolism and their biosynthesis
2- To know the biological and pharmacological activities of the most relevant natural secundary metabolites
3- To undertand the ecological and general importance of natural products
4. To be able to propose biosynthestic routes for secundary metabolites
PROGRAM
Biosynthetic routes
Primary and secondary metabolism. Main biosynthetic routes: shikimate, acetate, mevalonate. Methods used in the determination of biogenetic sequences.
Semiochemicals
Ecological chemistry. Classification of semiochemicals. Interactions plant-insect. Allelopathy. Phytoalexines. Pheromones
Fatty acids and poliketides
The acetate hypothesis. Saturated fatty acids. Unsaturated fatty acids. Aromatic poliketides. Macrolides.
Shikimic acid derivatives
Phenolic compounds. Aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine) and derivatives. Transamination and NIH shift. Cinamic acids and derivatives. Pharmacological applications: L-DOPA, salicine as a model of Aspirin. Lignanes and lignines. Flavonoids.
Terpenoids
Structural classification. Acetate-mevalonate pathway. Monoterpenes. Sesquiterpenes. Diterpenes. Steroids. Cholesterol.
Secondary metabolism amino acids
Prebiotic amino acid formation. Antibiotic b-lactamics. Penicillins and cephalosporines.
Alkaloids I
Alkaloids derived from ornithine, lysine and nicotinic acid.
Alkaloids II
Benzylisoquinoline type alkaloids. Opium alkaloids (thebaine, morphine, codeine), physiological effects and biosynthesis. The Curare and the strychnine. Quinine: the base remedy against malaria.
In accordance with the objectives of the subject, the student will have to be involved in a series of activities to achieve the stablished knowledge and skills. These activities can be grouped into three different types:
Master class (classroom and virtual classes): During these classes the teacher will transmit the basic knowledge of the subject; knowledge that will be complemented with the individual work of the student consulting the bibliography that the professor will indicate. The master classes are conceived as a fundamental unidirectional method of transferring the teacher's knowledge to the student. During the classes student's participation will be encouraged through the dynamization of classes by the resolution of cases and questions in a regular way.
Problem classes (classroom and virtual classes): A dossier of exercises will be given. These exercises should be solved by the students along the course. A selected part of them will be solved by the problem's teacher so that the students can learn the appropriate methodology to find the solutions. In these sessions, the solutions proposed by the students will be also discussed, based on the autonomous work developed. During this process, student's participation will be important. Teacher will help to develop the critical sense and logical reasoning, in order to increase the ability of the students to solve problems.
Practical Classes: There will be laboratory sessions (4 sessions of 4 hours each) related to natural products, through which the students will also practice laboratory techniques referring to the manipulation of chemicals as well as the use of small equipment and instrumental techniques. The work will be supervised by a teacher that will evaluate the students considering their attention and performance in the laboratory as well as the reports and laboratory notebook. If a student is involved in an incident that may have serious consequences of security, he can be expelled from the laboratory and in consequently he will suspend the subject.
Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|
Type: Directed | |||
Practical classes | 16 | 0.64 | 1, 4, 23, 2, 20, 17, 25, 18, 24, 32, 34, 29, 31, 39, 38, 36, 37 |
Theoretical classes | 35 | 1.4 | 19, 3, 4, 9, 7, 6, 8, 11, 20, 21, 14, 13, 16, 15, 22, 31 |
Type: Supervised | |||
Tutorials | 5 | 0.2 | 9, 11, 21, 25, 26, 27, 31 |
Type: Autonomous | |||
Learning anr problems resolution | 87.2 | 3.49 | 5, 3, 4, 9, 7, 6, 8, 10, 11, 21, 14, 13, 16, 15, 22, 30, 28, 35 |
The competences of this subject will be evaluated through two modules, which include the Written Tests Module and the Laboratory Module, which will be assigned a specific weight in the final grade.
It is necessary to obtain a minimum grade of 5 points in the global evaluation to pass de subject.
The non-presented: A student receives the grade of non-presented if he did not attend any written test and if he did not attend any of the laboratory practices
1. Written Tests Module:
It will consist of two compulsory partial exams. To pass by partials, you must have a minimum grade of 5.0 points in each, and the final grade will be the simple average of the marks of the two partials. For students who do not pass one of the partials or both, there will be a second-chance examination (written final examination). In this case the grade will be the weighted average of the written final test (90%) and of the marks obtained in the two partial tests (remaining 10%). It is necessary to obtain a minimum of 5 in the grade of the final test to pass the subject.
These exams will consist mainly of practical exercises to solve and some short theoretical questions
First partial exam:
Will collect approximately 40% of the subject matter.
Second partial exam:
The second written test will be carried out after finishing the theoretical classes and may include some of the concepts that have been already evaluated in the first partial exam as well as in the practical classes.
Second-chance examination:
It will be done after the two partials and will include all the course material. * To participate the students must have been previously evaluated in the partial exams.
*The students who did not pass the continuous evaluation, but have obtained a minimum of 7 points out of 10 in one of the partial exams, will be exempt of doing the corresponding part of the second-chance exam and will keep the same mark for averaging with the other marks of the evaluation.
2. Laboratory Module:
The laboratory practices are obligatory. Reports will be delivered, and the skills of the student will be assessed.
Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Laboratory Module | 15% | 1.1 | 0.04 | 1, 19, 33, 23, 2, 20, 21, 17, 25, 18, 12, 24, 32, 34, 22, 26, 27, 29, 39, 38, 36, 35, 37 |
Written Test Module | 85% | 5.7 | 0.23 | 5, 3, 4, 9, 7, 6, 8, 10, 11, 14, 13, 16, 15, 27, 30, 28, 31 |
Medicinal natural Products. A biosynthetic approach. P. M. Dewick, John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Find Electronic Version in the Library UAB
Natural products: their chemistry and biological significance. J. Mann, R. S. Davidson; J. B. Hbbs, D. V. Banthorphe and J. B. Harbone. Pearson Education Limited, 1994. In the Science Library you can find the electronic version.