One Health: Introduction, Health Policy and Epidemiological & Statistical Methods
Code: 43755 ECTS Credits: 12| Degree | Type | Year |
|---|---|---|
| 4315915 Zoonoses and One Health | OB | 0 |
Contact
- Name:
- Alberto Allepuz Palau
- Email:
- alberto.allepuz@uab.cat
Teachers
- Alberto Allepuz Palau
Teaching groups languages
You can view this information at the end of this document.
Prerequisites
As a requirement for admission you must be in possession of any of the titles listed below:
Graduates, Graduates or Diploma in the field of Health Sciences (Veterinary Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Food Science and Technology, Animal Science and Health, Biomedicine, Psychology ...) and Life Sciences (Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology , Zoology, Botany, Ecology, Biodiversity, Environmental Sciences, Agronomic Engineering, Forestry ...) or equivalent.
Objectives and Contextualisation
Definitions, objectives and critical knowledge of the multidisciplinary nature of the One Health concept will be provided as a strategy for solving problems, focusing on the control of health with respect to people, domestic and wild animals and in the related ecosystem.
The official bodies and institutions involved, their functions, competences and interactions will be detailed. The risk analysis defined in the SPS agreement is a sequential process comprised by Risk Assessment, Management and Communication that must be transparently exposed and available to all public institutions and governments or private organizations. For this reason, each institution at the regional, national, community or international level has an assigned body (s) and entities responsible for risk analysis, which will be shown throughout the module.
Taking into account the need to establish an adequate risk assessment, a series of useful theoretical and technical knowledge will be provided to identify risk and make decisions. In this module you will learn basic notions of epidemiology, statistical and mathematical models and their application to epidemiological studies and risk assessment.
Competences
- Act in accordance with the code of ethics of the profession.
- Display understanding and familiarity with using the methodologies and tools of zoonotic risk assessment based on the concept of One Health.
- Solve problems in new or little-known situations within broader (or multidisciplinary) contexts related to the field of study.
- Take decisions on the establishment of zoonosis surveillance and containment plans.
- Use acquired knowledge as a basis for originality in the application of ideas, often in a research context.
- Work alone or in a multidisciplinary team within the area of study, showing critical reasoning and creativity, and the ability to analyse, interpret and synthesise the data generated.
Learning Outcomes
- Find information on zoonoses in all areas of health, through the resources available online.
- Know and recognise the limitations of risk assessment and determine the areas of uncertainty.
- Know the bodies and institutions involved in the evaluation, management and communication of risk.
- Know the current legislation with regard to One Health.
- Know the importance of multidisciplinary work in tackling diseases from the perspective of One Health.
- Know the multidisciplinary concept of One Health and its applications.
- Know the principal actors in risk management at all levels of intervention.
- Know the profession and the political, economic, social and cultural contexts in which it will be practised.
- Learn to work alone or in a team, effectively and multidisciplinarily, on all the components of human, animal and environmental health.
- Use epidemiological and statistical tools and methodologies: both basic and applied to the surveillance and containment of zoonoses from the multidisciplinary perspective of One Health.
Content
- Introduction to the One Health Concept
- Official bodies: organization chart and risk assessment, management and communication functions
- Epidemiology and surveillance
- Basic and advanced Statistics
Activities and Methodology
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type: Directed | |||
| Classes of problem solving, cases and exercises | 34 | 1.36 | 9, 7, 2, 8, 1, 10 |
| Debates | 6 | 0.24 | 6, 7, 2, 5, 4 |
| Master classes / Exhibition classes | 13 | 0.52 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
| Problem-based learning | 25 | 1 | 9, 3, 2, 5, 8, 1, 10 |
| Type: Supervised | |||
| Resolution of cases, exercises and problems in a virtual way | 35 | 1.4 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
| Tutorials | 15 | 0.6 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
| Type: Autonomous | |||
| Personal study | 85 | 3.4 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
| Reading articles and reports of interest | 45 | 1.8 | 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 8, 1 |
| Realization of works / reports | 42 | 1.68 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
Directed activity:
Master classes / Exhibition classes
Problem-based learning
Debates
Problem solving classes / cases / exercises
Supervised activity:
Tutorials
Resolution of cases, exercises and problems
Autonomous activity:
Realization of works / reports
Reading articles / reports of interest
Personal study
Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.
Assessment
Continous Assessment Activities
| Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delivery of reports / works | 40 | 0 | 0 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
| Oral presentations of works | 60 | 0 | 0 | 9, 6, 3, 7, 2, 5, 4, 8, 1, 10 |
A. The assessment of the students will be done through a combination of the following criteria:
- It is mandatory to attend at least 80% of the presential classes. Attendance to lectures and participation in the activities carried out individually or in groups during those sessions will be recorded. Non justified absences for a given activity are not accepted. In case of a justified absence (illness, work issues, etc.) the qualification of this activity will be considered but restrictions may apply.
- In the teamwork and oral presentations, the assessment will take into account the quality and clarity of the presentation and the knowledge demonstrated during the discussion of the subject.
B. To pass this module, compulsory attendance is required at a minimum of 80% of the on-site class hours of the module. The final average grade of the module must be equal to or greater than 5 out of 10.
C. In the case of failing, the students will have an additional opportunity consisting in a complementary work in which they must obtain at least 5 out of 10 points.
- Oral presentations (60%):
Oral presentation on the role of official bodies (20%)
Oral presentation on descriptive epidemiology (40%)
- Written works (40%):
Descriptive statistics (20%)
Simple and logistic regression (20%)
Students who do not appear for any assignment will be "non-evaluable"
Bibliography
- Introducción a Una Sola Salud (One Health concept)
The evolution of One Health: a decade of progress and challenges for the future. Downloaded from veterinaryrecord.bmj.com on September 29, 2014 - Published by group.bmj.com:
https://www.onehealthcommission.org/documents/news/Gibbs_The_evolution_of_One_Health_BBE95DE2EA279.pdf
http://www.onehealthinitiative.com/about.php
http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/home/en/news_archive/2010_one-health.html
-Organismos oficiales: organigrama y funciones de evaluación, gestión y comunicación de riesgos (Official Institutions and their role in Risk Management and Communication).
* United Nations
WTO- SPS agreement. Impact on Public Health Food safety, Animal & Plant Health https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/sps_e/spsagr_e.htm
WHO. Areas of work in food safety and zoonosis: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/areas_work/en/
FAO. Contributing to One World , One Health http://www.fao.org/docrep/011/aj137e/aj137e00.htm
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS. Public Health, Food safety, Animal and Plant Health.
http://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-home/en/
* World Animal Health (OIE). http://www.oie.int/en/ . The concept of One health.
http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/onehealth/
* European Union.
Overview of EU activities Public Health, Animal & Plant Health and Food safety: http://ec.europa.eu/health/index_en.htm
General Food law (Food , Feed , Animal & Plant legislation): http://ec.europa.eu/food/safety/general_food_law/index_en.htm
EFSA: http://www.efsa.europa.eu
ECDC: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/Pages/home.aspx
ECDC-EFSA Rapid risk assesssments: http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/risk_assessment/Pages/default.aspx
EMA: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/
Antimicrobial resistance: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/special_topics/general/general_content_000439.jsp
Maximum residues levels MRL: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/regulation/document_listing/document_listing_000165.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058002d89b
European National Agencies:
http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/364/eu-food-safety-almanac.pdf
* United States:
FDA. Home page http://www.fda.gov FDA organigram http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OrganizationCharts/ucm393155.htm
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OfficeofFoods/CFSAN/default.htm
Center for Veterinary Medicine http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OfficeofFoods/CVM/default.htm
Opinion article from FDA about One health: http://www.fda.gov/animalveterinary/resourcesforyou/animalhealthliteracy/ucm278139.htm
Centre of Disease Control (CDC): http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/PDFs/CDC-and-Food-Safety.pdf\
Office of Regulatory Affairs: http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OfficeofGlobalRegulatoryOperationsandPolicy/ORA/default.htm
USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) APHIS One health concept :
http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?navid=onehealth
https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/animalhealth/SA_One_Health
EPA Environmental Protection Agency Activities in Public Health , animal Health and Plant health:
https://www.epa.gov/aboutepa
* Otros:
Transatlantic Taskforce on Antimicrobial Resistance – TATFAR -
http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/activities/diseaseprogrammes/TATFAR/Pages/index.aspx
http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/tatfar/index.html
J. Serratosa, Oriol Ribo 2009 International context and impact of EFSA activities in animal welfare in the European Union. 2009 Elsevier (Book- 275-303 pp) Welfare of animal production : assessment and management of risks.
- Epidemiología y análisis de riesgo
Dohoo I., Martin W., Stryhn H. (2009) Veterinary Epidemiologic Research - 2nd Edition.
Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Timothy P. Robinson, Mark Stevenson, Kim B. Stevens, David J. Rogers, and Archie C.A. Clements. (2008). Spatial Analysis in Epidemiology.
Thrusfield, M. (2005) Veterinary Epidemiology. (3ª ed.) Ed. Blackwell Science. Oxford.
OIE (2004) Handbook on Import Risk Analysis for Animals and Animal Products, vol. 2. World Organization for Animal Health (Office International des Epizooties), Paris, France.
R. Bonita, R. Beaglehole, T. Kjellström. Basic epidemiology. 2nd edition. World Health Organization.
- Modelización estadística
David Collett. Modelling Survival Data in Medical Research. 2nd edition. Chapman& Hall.
Hosmer, DW, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression. New York. John Wiley & Sons. 2000.
Katz MH. Multivariable Analysis: A Practical Guide for Clinicians. Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Kleinbaum, David G., Klein, Mitchel. Survival Analysis. A Self-Learning Text, Third Edition. Springer.
Lawson A. (2013). Bayesian disease mapping.
Rawlings JO, Pantula SG, Dickey DA. Applied Regression analysis. A research Tool. Second Edition. Springer
Saez M, Saurina C. (2007). Estadística y Epidemiología Espacial. Girona: Documenta universitaria.
Software
QGIS (https://qgis.org/ca/site/)
R (https://www.r-project.org/9
Language list
| Name | Group | Language | Semester | Turn |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (PAULm) Classroom practices (master) | 1 | English | first semester | morning-mixed |
| (TEm) Theory (master) | 2 | English | first semester | morning-mixed |