Degree | Type | Year | Semester |
---|---|---|---|
4316227 Applied Philosophy | OB | 0 | 1 |
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One of the signs of our time is the interrelation between science and technology. On the one hand, scientific knowledge is the basis for the construction of technological artifacts and, on the other, technology reverts to scientific progress. Philosophical reflection on the application of science to practical issues becomes essential at a time when applied sciences or design sciences cover a good part of scientific practice. In this sense, praxiology offers a model of how to achieve a practical goal with maximum efficiency possible.
The central themes of this module will be the following:
Differences between science and technology according to the objectives, methodology, values and their impact on society.
Theoretical frameworks: the "artificial or design sciences" (engineering, medicine, librarianship, education, information sciences, etc.), disciplines whose objective is not to describe the world but to transform it; and "praxiology", science of efficient action, with three fundamental elements: the theoretical basis, the instrumental basis and the actions.
Cognitive models that study technological designs that take into account the cognitive abilities of users in order to facilitate the tasks necessary to achieve the proposed objectives.
Case studies in which the proposed models would be applied, for example, natural catastrophes, accidents resulting from human errors in all phases of the chain and the analysis of disciplines applied as design sciences.
The naturalization of the philosophy of science It will be explained what is the naturalizing program of epistemology and the philosophy of science against a philosophy of a priori. The proposals of some of the most relevant defenders and detractors and the different ways of naturalizing will be analyzed, namely: methodological naturalization (L. Laudan), analogical (S. Toulmin and D. Hull) and reductionist (W. van O Quine and P. Churchland).
Science and technology The relationship between science and technology will be addressed with respect to the debate about their differences versus the function of both. The influence between science and technology will also be examined in two directions: one that goes from science to technology and the other that goes in the opposite direction. The first is the one that has been studied the most and corresponds to the study of the social consequences of technology. The second means that technological innovation reverts to more development of science and knowledge in general.
Master classes ◊ Oral presentation of works ◊ Debates ◊ Problem-based learning and case studies ◊ Seminars ◊ Tutorials ◊ Preparation of works ◊ Personal study ◊ Reading of articles of interest.
Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.
Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|
Type: Supervised | |||
Master classes ◊ Oral presentation of works ◊ Debates ◊ Problem-based learning and case studies ◊ Seminars ◊ Tutorials | 50 | 2 | 1, 6, 2, 3, 5, 7, 4 |
Revision will programmed according to the schedule of the University administration.
Plagiarism:
In the event of a student committing any irregularity that may lead to a significant variation in the grade awarded to an assessment activity, the student will be given a zero for this activity,
regardless of any disciplinary process that may take place. In the event of several irregularities in assessment activities of the same subject, the student will be given a zero as the final grade for this subject.
Single assessment: exam (50%) and essay (50%)
Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Forum | 25% | 5 | 0.2 | 1, 6, 2, 3, 5, 7, 4 |
Oral presentation of works | 50% | 50 | 2 | 1, 6, 2, 3, 5, 7, 4 |
Personal study | 25% | 45 | 1.8 | 1, 6, 3, 5, 7, 4 |
Patricia Smith Churchland (1987) “Epistemology in the Age of Neuroscience”, Journal of Philosophy, 84:544-552.
Alvin Goldman (1978) “La epistémica: una teoría reguladora de la cognición”.
Anna Estany (2007), “El impacto de las ciencias cognitivas en la filosofía de la ciencia”. EIDOS, Universidad del Norte, Colombia.
2.
Roll-Hansen, Nils. (2000) “Why the distinction between basic (theoretical) and applied (practical) research is important in the politics of science”. The London School of Economics and Political Science.
Roll-Hansen, Nils. (2009) “Why the distinction between basic (theoretical) and applied (practical) research is important in the politics of science”. Technical report (London School of Economics and Political Science. Centre for the Philosophy of the Natural and Social Sciences, nº 04/09.
Echeverría, Javier (2003) La revolución tecnocientífica. Madrid: FCE.
3.
Ikka Niiniluoto (1993) “The aim and structura of design sciences”, Erkenntnis 38: 1-21.
Herbert Simon (2007) “La ciencia del diseño, creando lo artificial”, capítulo 5 de Las ciencias de lo artificial, Ed. Comares.
Gerald Nadler, (1967) “An investigation of design methodology”
RJ McCrory “The design method-A scientific approach to valid design” (1974)
Alfred Daniel Hall (1974), “Three-dimensional morphology of systems engineering”.
4.
Kotarbinski, Tadeus (1962). “Praxiological sentences and how they are proved”. En E.Nagel, P.Suppes & Tarski, A. (eds) Logic, Methodology and Philosophy . Proceedings of the 1960 International Congress.
Wojciech Gasparski (1991) “Comunicación, cultura y diseño: un enfoque sistémico-praxiológico”.
Belvedresi, Rosa (2000) “Las formas de racionalidad del contexto del descubrimiento”, en Klimovsky, G. y F.G. Shuster (compiladores) Descubrimiento y creatividad en la ciencia, pp: 15-23. Buenos Aires: Eudeba, Universidad de Buenos Aires.
5.
Andy Clark & David J. Chalmers (1998) “The Extended Mind”, Analysis, 58:10-23.
Bonnie A. Nardi (1995) “Studying Context: A Comparison of Activity Theory, Situated Action Models, and Distributed Cognition”, en B. A. Nardi (ed.) Context and consciousness: Activity theory and human-computer interaction, The MIT Press.
Jiajie Zhang & Vimla L. Patel (2006) “Distributed Cognition, Representation, and Affordance”, Pragmatics & Cognition 14(2):333-341.
6.
James Reason(1990) Human error. Cambridge(MA): University Press.
Henry Petroski (2006) “El éxito resite en anticipar el fallo”, Success Through Failure: The Paradox of Design, Princeton: University Press.
José Antonio López Cerezo y José Luis Luján (2000) Ciencia y política del riesgo, Alianza Editorial.
7.
David Coloma (2009) “Innovar a través de los ‘lead users’”, Cynertia Consulting, 1-4.
Norbert Alter (2000) L’innovation ordinaire, París PUF.
Gérald Gaglio (2011) Sociologie de l’innovation, París PUF.
Brian Arthur (2007) “The structure of invention”, Research Policy, nº 36, 275-287.
8.
Margaret Boden (1994) La mente creativa. Mitos y mecanismos, Gedisa.
Gilles Fauconnier (2005) “Fusión conceptual y analogía”, Cuadernos de Información y Comunicación, v. 10: 151-182.
Sintonen, Matti (2009) “Tradition and innovation: exploring and transforming conceptual structures”. EnMeheus, J. & T. Nickles (eds.) Models of discovery and creativity, pp. 209-221. Dordrecht: Springer.
9.
Von Hippel, Eric (2005): Democratizing Innovation. Cambridge, Mass., MIT Press.
David Coloma (2009) “Innovar a través delos ‘lead users’”, Cynertia Consulting, 1-4.
Rogers, E.M. y F.F. Shoemaker (1974) La comunicación de innovaciones. Un enfoque transcultural. México: Herrero Hermanos.
Echeverría, Javier (2008) “El manual de Oslo y la innovación social”. Arbor, nº 732: 609-618.
Edgerton, David (2013) Quoi de neuf? Du rôle des techniques dans l’histoire globale. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.
10.
Flusser, Vilém (2002) Petite philosophie du design. Les editions Circé.
Karabeg, D. (2012) “Design Epistemology”, Information, 3, 1-x.
Lockwood, Tom (ed.) (2009) Design thinking. Integrating innovation, custumer experience, and brand value. New York: Allworth Press.
Norman, Don, (2004) Emotional design. Why we love (or hate) everyday things, Basic Books. Versión castellana: El diseño emocional. Por qué nos gustan (o no) los objetos cotidianos, Paidós Ibérica, Barcelona, 2005.
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