General Relativity and Cosmology
Code: 103946 ECTS Credits: 6| Degree | Type | Year | Semester |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2500097 Physics | OT | 4 | 2 |
Contact
- Name:
- Diego Blas Temiño
- Email:
- diego.blas@uab.cat
Teaching groups languages
You can check it through this link. To consult the language you will need to enter the CODE of the subject. Please note that this information is provisional until 30 November 2023.
Prerequisites
It is advisable to have taken Mecànica Teòrica i Sistemes no lineals, and Electrodinàmica i Radiació Sincrotró.
Objectives and Contextualisation
To learn the physical basis of General Relativity (GR) as well as the most important gravitational phenomena that are described with it.
This goal requires mastering tensorial calculus.
The classical tests of GR and the familiarization with the most important spacetimes are also included as part of the course.
Competences
- Apply fundamental principles to the qualitative and quantitative study of various specific areas in physics
- Be familiar with the bases of certain advanced topics, including current developments on the parameters of physics that one could subsequently develop more fully
- Carry out academic work independently using bibliography (especially in English), databases and through collaboration with other professionals
- Communicate complex information in an effective, clear and concise manner, either orally, in writing or through ICTs, and before both specialist and general publics
- Formulate and address physical problems identifying the most relevant principles and using approximations, if necessary, to reach a solution that must be presented, specifying assumptions and approximations
- Make changes to methods and processes in the area of knowledge in order to provide innovative responses to society's needs and demands.
- Take account of social, economic and environmental impacts when operating within one's own area of knowledge.
- Use critical reasoning, show analytical skills, correctly use technical language and develop logical arguments
- Use mathematics to describe the physical world, selecting appropriate tools, building appropriate models, interpreting and comparing results critically with experimentation and observation
- Using appropriate methods, plan and carry out a study or theoretical research and interpret and present the results
- Work independently, have personal initiative and self-organisational skills in achieving results, in planning and in executing a project
- Working in groups, assume shared responsibilities and interact professionally and constructively with others, showing absolute respect for their rights.
Learning Outcomes
- Calculate curvature tensor.
- Calculate particle trajectories in gravitational fields solving the geodesic equation.
- Calculate the effect of red shift and the deflection of light produced by a gravitational field.
- Calculate the geodesics in a curved space.
- Calculate the simple-distribution energy-momentum tensor for matter.
- Communicate complex information in an effective, clear and concise manner, either orally, in writing or through ICTs, in front of both specialist and general publics.
- Describe experimental evidence for the existence of gravitational waves.
- Describe experimental evidence in favor of general relativity and the principle of equivalence in terrestrial and astrophysical observations.
- Describe gravitational waves and their characteristic properties.
- Describe observational evidence in favour of big bang cosmology.
- Describe the basic concepts of current knowledge regarding the structure and evolution of the universe.
- Describe the characteristics of the gravitational field generated by stars and black holes in addition to the effects they produce.
- Establish the bases for describing the evaporation and thermodynamics of black holes.
- Identify situations in which a change or improvement is needed.
- Identify the social, economic and environmental implications of academic and professional activities within one's own area of knowledge.
- Obtain physical magnitudes measured by different observers from pseudo-Riemannian metrics.
- Obtain the Newtonian limit of Einstein's equations with weak non-relativistic sources.
- Obtain tidal forces from the curvature tensor.
- Relate general relativity and electromagnetism establishing their similarities and differences.
- Use Einstein's equations in a linearized manner so as to describe weak gravitational fields, including the generation, propagation and detection of gravitational waves.
- Use covariant equations and tensor calculus.
- Use critical reasoning, show analytical skills, correctly use technical language and develop logical arguments
- Use differential geometry to implement the principle of equivalence.
- Use space-time symmetries for solving problems of dynamics and relativistic kinematics.
- Use the approach of homogeneity and isotropy to describe the structure and evolution of the universe on a large scale.
- Use the approximation of spherical symmetry in the study of stars and black holes.
- Work independently, take initiative itself, be able to organize to achieve results and to plan and execute a project.
- Working in groups, assume shared responsibilities and interact professionally and constructively with others, showing absolute respect for their rights.
- Carry out academic work independently using bibliography (especially in English), databases and through collaboration with other professionals
Content
Special Relativity
The Equivalence Principle
Tensors in curved space
Einstein's equations
Spherical symmetry. Black holes
Weak fields. Gravitational radiation
Cosmology
Methodology
This course will be given entirely in English. All the course material (problems, homework and exams) will be distributed in English
and students will be encouraged to do all the exercises/exams in English, although in Catalan or Spanish
will also be accepted and assesed with the same criteria.
This course will consist of theory and problem classes. There will be an equilibrium among work at class and at home.
Problem lists will be given to be solved individually or in groups. The solutions to the problelms will be discussed in the problem classes.
The students will solve individually and hand in after a limited time a selection of 'homework' problems that will count for the final course mark.
The students will have to prepare 2 written exams. The first one will take place at mid-term, while the second one at the end of the semester. There will be the a single re-sit exam of the whole syllabus that will allow to improve the total mark coming from the average mark of the 2 written exams.
Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.
Activities
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type: Directed | |||
| Problem lectures and discussion | 16 | 0.64 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 12, 9, 13, 29, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 27, 28, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
| Theory lectures | 33 | 1.32 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 7, 8, 10, 12, 9, 13, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
| Type: Autonomous | |||
| Discussion and work in group | 46 | 1.84 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 7, 8, 10, 12, 9, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 28, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
| Study of theoretical foundations | 47 | 1.88 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 7, 8, 10, 12, 9, 13, 29, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 27, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
Assessment
The students that opted for single assessement evaluation will have to perform a final evaluation that will first consist of a test of the whole syllabus. This test will take place on the same date, time and place as the second term test of the continuous assessment modality. Besides, before the exam, the student will deliver 2 documents with resolved problems of 2 problem sets proposed at an earlier date.
For the mark, 80% of the final mark will come from the exam and each of the set of problems will count 10%.
The students that opted for single assessement evaluation will have the chance of passing the module or improve their mark at the same re-evaluation test as the students that had opted for the continuous assessement option (both exams will be identical and will take place on the same day, time and in the same place), but it is mandatory to at least have taken the previous final test. At this test, it is only possible to improve the mark of the exam. The part of the handed in homework problem sets can not be improved in the re-evaluation.
Assessment Activities
| Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exam 1 | 35% | 2 | 0.08 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 7, 8, 10, 12, 9, 13, 15, 14, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 27, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
| Exam 2 | 45% | 2 | 0.08 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 7, 8, 10, 12, 9, 13, 15, 14, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 27, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
| Homework | 20% | 2 | 0.08 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 13, 29, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 27, 28, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
| Resit Exam | 80% | 2 | 0.08 | 5, 1, 3, 4, 2, 6, 11, 7, 8, 10, 12, 9, 13, 17, 18, 16, 22, 19, 27, 21, 25, 26, 23, 20, 24 |
Bibliography
- J.B. Hartle, Gravity: an Introduction to Einstein's General Relativity, Addison-Wesley, 2003.
- B.F. Schutz, A First Course in General Relativity, Cambridge Univ Press, 2009.
- S. Weinberg, Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity, J. Wiley & Sons, 1972.
Software
No "programari"