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2021/2022

Human Genetics

Code: 101887 ECTS Credits: 6
Degree Type Year Semester
2501230 Biomedical Sciences OB 2 1
The proposed teaching and assessment methodology that appear in the guide may be subject to changes as a result of the restrictions to face-to-face class attendance imposed by the health authorities.

Contact

Name:
Joan Francesc Barquinero Estruch
Email:
Francesc.Barquinero@uab.cat

Use of Languages

Principal working language:
catalan (cat)
Some groups entirely in English:
No
Some groups entirely in Catalan:
No
Some groups entirely in Spanish:
No

Other comments on languages

If there is an exchange student who has problems understanding the Catalan language, the first weeks will be explained in Spanish

Teachers

Joan Francesc Barquinero Estruch

Prerequisites

Those needed to follow the degree, and have taken the subject of genetics during the first year

Objectives and Contextualisation

Human Genetics studies the phenomena of inheritance for both normal and pathological variation in humans. It is a fundamental and applied subject in biomedical sciences that integrates all levels of organization, from the molecular to the evolutionary.


The main objectives of this subject are:

1. Understanding the bases and mechanisms of inheritance.

2. Ability to perform genetic analyses of different characters.

3. Ability to design and obtain information from experiments in genetics, as well as to interpret the results obtained.

4. To develop of a historical vision that allows summarizing the most important milestones of Human Genetics and assess the contributions to current biology and medicine.

Competences

  • Act with ethical responsibility and respect for fundamental rights and duties, diversity and democratic values.
  • Display knowledge of the bases and elements applicable to the development and validation of diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.
  • Display knowledge of the basic life processes on several levels of organisation: molecular, cellular, tissues, organs, individual and populations.
  • Display knowledge of the concepts and language of biomedical sciences in order to follow biomedical literature correctly.
  • Display theoretical and practical knowledge of the major molecular and cellular bases of human and animal pathologies.
  • Make changes to methods and processes in the area of knowledge in order to provide innovative responses to society's needs and demands.
  • Read and critically analyse original and review papers on biomedical issues and assess and choose the appropriate methodological descriptions for biomedical laboratory research work.
  • Students must be capable of applying their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional way and they should have building arguments and problem resolution skills within their area of study.
  • Students must be capable of collecting and interpreting relevant data (usually within their area of study) in order to make statements that reflect social, scientific or ethical relevant issues.
  • Students must be capable of communicating information, ideas, problems and solutions to both specialised and non-specialised audiences.
  • Students must develop the necessary learning skills to undertake further training with a high degree of autonomy.
  • Students must have and understand knowledge of an area of study built on the basis of general secondary education, and while it relies on some advanced textbooks it also includes some aspects coming from the forefront of its field of study.
  • Take account of social, economic and environmental impacts when operating within one's own area of knowledge.
  • Take sex- or gender-based inequalities into consideration when operating within one's own area of knowledge.
  • Work as part of a group with members of other professions, understanding their viewpoint and establishing a constructive collaboration.

Learning Outcomes

  1. Act with ethical responsibility and respect for fundamental rights and duties, diversity and democratic values.
  2. Contrast the techniques and methods that allow genetic diagnosis.
  3. Correctly use the terminology of genetics and its text and reference books
  4. Describe and understand the genetic bases of sex determination and differentiation in humans.
  5. Describe the genetic bases of cancer.
  6. Describe the organisation, evolution, inter-individual variation and expression of the human genome.
  7. Design methodologies for the experimental study of genetic diseases.
  8. Identify chromosome variants and anomalies, understand the mechanisms that originate them and determine the risk of their transmission to descendents.
  9. Identify the genetic bases of human development.
  10. Identify the genetic bases of the principal diseases with a genetic base or component.
  11. Interpret genetically the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention and therapy for the most frequent genetic pathologies in the human population.
  12. Interpret scientific publications and solve problems and typical cases in the area of cytogenetics.
  13. Make changes to methods and processes in the area of knowledge in order to provide innovative responses to society's needs and demands.
  14. Provide pre-conceptional genetic counselling, taking ethical and legal factors into account.
  15. Recognise and identify the distribution of genetics-based diseases in a particular population, taking the origin into account.
  16. Recognise the anomalies of human chromosomes and assess their consequences.
  17. Relate genetic dysfunction to the pathological phenotype.
  18. Students must be capable of applying their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional way and they should have building arguments and problem resolution skills within their area of study.
  19. Students must be capable of collecting and interpreting relevant data (usually within their area of study) in order to make statements that reflect social, scientific or ethical relevant issues.
  20. Students must be capable of communicating information, ideas, problems and solutions to both specialised and non-specialised audiences.
  21. Students must develop the necessary learning skills to undertake further training with a high degree of autonomy.
  22. Students must have and understand knowledge of an area of study built on the basis of general secondary education, and while it relies on some advanced textbooks it also includes some aspects coming from the forefront of its field of study.
  23. Take account of social, economic and environmental impacts when operating within one's own area of knowledge.
  24. Take sex- or gender-based inequalities into consideration when operating within one's own area of knowledge.
  25. Understand scientific texts on genetics and development, and write review papers on them.
  26. Work as part of a group with members of other professions, understanding their viewpoint and establishing a constructive collaboration.

Content

Topic 1. The human genome

Topic 2. Developmental Genetics

Topic 3. Mutations and polymorphisms

Topic 4. Chromosomal alterations

Topic 5. Gene mapping

Topic 6. Pharmacogenetics and nutritional genomics

Topic 7. Cancer genetics

Topic 8. Genetic counseling and ethics

Topic 9. Treatment of genetic diseases: gene therapy

In case of inconsistency between the different teaching guides, the one that prevails is the teaching guide in Catalan

Unless the requirements enforced by the health authorities demand a prioritization or reduction of these contents

Methodology

Contents of the subject are oriented to understand: the organization of the human genome; the organization, distribution and function of the RNA genes and genes encoding polypeptides; Tandem and scattered repeat non-coding DNA; Genetics of development; genetic control of embryonic development; congenital defects, sex determination and differentiation; genetic imprinting; inactivation of the X chromosome; Genetic of populations, mutation and genetic polymorphisms in human populations; Human cytogenetics, methods of study and main chromosomal alterations; Genetics and cancer, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and genome stability; Prenatal diagnosis: indications and study techniques, prenatal screenings. Genetic tests in individuals and populations. General diagnostic strategies for genetic diseases. Mutation detection methods. Application of the genetic ligament to diagnosis: indirect diagnosis.

In-person classes: the student acquires the scientific knowledge of the subject by attending theory classes, which will complement the personal study of the topics discussed. Classes are considered unidirectional as a transmission from teacher to student. Although at certain moments a debate or collective reflection is possible.

Classes of problems and seminars: The knowledge developed in the theory classes and worked on in the personal study are applied to the resolution of practical cases and oral presentations in small groups. These types of methodology allow to deepen some of the topics studied in class.

The course will be in-class unless the requirements enforced by the health authorities demand shifting to the online modality. In this case, the format will be adapted to the possibilities offered by the UAB’s virtual tools.

 

Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.

Activities

Title Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
Type: Directed      
In-person classes 37 1.48 2, 4, 6, 5, 7, 10, 9, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 3
Seminars 9 0.36 25, 12, 26
Type: Supervised      
Individual tutoring 4 0.16
Type: Autonomous      
Self-study 89.5 3.58 25, 2, 4, 6, 5, 10, 9, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, 3
Team work 8 0.32 25, 2, 4, 6, 5, 7, 10, 9, 8, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 26, 3

Assessment

a) Two mid-term examinations. These are multiple choice examinations in which short questions can be included. These exams are eliminatory. Each mid-term exam will include approximately 50% of the topics.

 In the mid-term exams the minimum mark to be considered for the mean is 5. At the end of the course there is a recovery exam for those students who have not passed some of the partial exams (with marks less than 5), or have not examined to any of the two multiple choice tests.

 The average mark of these exams represents 60% of the note mark. Students who have passed the two partial exams and want to take a grade, on the same day of the recovery may take an exam, this will consist of developing two or three topics

 b) Examining practical problems: 20% of the final grade.

 c) Work prepared in groups of four students: 20% of the final grade. This evaluation will consider: the contents (15%) the oral presentation (5%. The evaluation is individual.

 It will be considered that a student will obtain the qualification of “No Avaluable” if the number of assessment activities carried out has a weight inferior to 50% of the final grade.

In case of inconsistency between the different teaching guides, the one that prevails is the teaching guide in Catalan

Student’s assessment will performed face-to-face, unless the requirements enforced by the health authorities demand shifting to the online modality. In this case, the format will be adapted (maintaining its weighting in the final grade) to the possibilities offered by the UAB’s virtual tools.

Assessment Activities

Title Weighting Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
Solvig practical problems, answer short questions, comments on scientific papers 20% 2.5 0.1 1, 24, 12, 22, 21, 18, 19, 26
Work team presentation 20% 0 0 1, 24, 23, 12, 13, 22, 20, 18, 19, 26, 3
mid-term exams, and final exam 60% 0 0 1, 23, 25, 2, 4, 6, 5, 7, 10, 9, 8, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 3

Bibliography

Lynn B. Jorde, John C. Carey, Michael J. Bamshad (2016). Medical Genetics. Fihth Edition. Ed Mosby. Elsevier Science. ISBN 978-0-323-39196-2

Nussbaum RL, McInnes RR, Willard HF. (2016). Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine. 8ª Ed. Saunders Elsevier. Philadelphia, EEUU

Strachan T and Read A. (2018). Human Molecular Genetics. CRC Press. Taylor and Francis. ISBN 9780815345893

Strachan T and Godship J Chinnay P (2015). Genetics and genomics in medicine. 5ª Ed, Garland Science London UK

Turnpenny P D Ellard S (2012).  Emery's Elements of  medical genetics, 14th ed. Churchill Livingstone. Elsevier

Oliva R  Oriola F  Clària J (2013).Genètica Mèdica. Publicacions i Edicions Universitat de Barcelona. ISBN: 978-84-475-3688-7

Solari AJ (2011). Genética Humana. Fundamentos y aplicaciones en medicina. 4ª edición Editorial Médica Panamericana. Buenos Aires. ISBN: 9789500602693

Tobias ES, Connor M, Ferguson-Smith M (2011). Essential MEDICAL GENETICS.6th Ed.Wiley-Blacwell. ISBN: 978-1-405-16974-5

Speicher MR Antonarakis SE Motulsky AG (2010). Vogel and Motulsky’s  Human Genetics: Problems and Approaches. 4th ed Springer-Verlag. Berlin.

 

•http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/omim/  Enfermedades con base hereditaria

•http://bioinformatics.weizmann.ac.il/cards/

•http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/

•http://www. Genome.gov

www.gdb.org  Datos procedentes del proyecto del genoma humano

geneReviews.org  Información completa de enfermedades genéticas

orphanet  Información de enfermedades genéticas

Software

There is no specific programmes.