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2020/2021

Audio Description and Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing B-A

Code: 44383 ECTS Credits: 9
Degree Type Year Semester
4315982 Audiovisual Translation OB 0 1
The proposed teaching and assessment methodology that appear in the guide may be subject to changes as a result of the restrictions to face-to-face class attendance imposed by the health authorities.

Contact

Name:
Paula Igareda Gonzalez
Email:
Paula.Igareda@uab.cat

Use of Languages

Principal working language:
spanish (spa)

Teachers

Teresa Pitarch Porcar
Cristóbal Cabeza Caceres

Prerequisites

If the students is doing the master in two years, s/he must have completed the Dubbing and Subtitling module before doing the Audio description and Subtitle for the Deaf module.

Objectives and Contextualisation

  • Learning the history and legal context in Catalonia, Spain and Europe in terms of subtitling for the deaf and audio description
  • Learning the reality of the user
  • Understanding and analyzing audiovisual products of various types
  • Getting documented
  • Making subtitles for the deaf and audio descriptions of various types with their appropriate register
  • Mastering the software, techniques and features of subtitles for the deaf and audio description

Competences

  • Act in accordance with the code of ethics of the profession.
  • Continue the learning process, to a large extent autonomously.
  • Critically analyse the structural and thematic aspects of cinema screenplays.
  • Discern the different modes and textual genres of audiovisual translation and media accessibility and their characteristics.
  • Manage projects in audiovisual translation, accessibility, multimedia localisation, and translation of web pages and video games.
  • Master strategies for the correction, linguistic revision and post-edition of audiovisual products.
  • Recognise the translation problems specific to the different modes of audiovisual products and use the knowledge acquired to solve them.
  • Translate and make accessible audiovisual products, multimedia products, web pages, video games and software.
  • Use specific software to translate and make accessible audiovisual products, multimedia products and video games.

Learning Outcomes

  1. Acquire practice in subtitling processes for deaf people and the production of audio description guides.
  2. Act in accordance with the code of ethics of the profession.
  3. Analyse the cinematographic product to judge which elements should be included in the audio description.
  4. Be able to use subtitling programs to create subtitles for deaf people.
  5. Continue the learning process, to a large extent autonomously.
  6. Identify and correct errors in subtitling products for deaf people and audio descriptions.
  7. Identify the principal challenges of media accessibility.
  8. Recognise the economic and professional aspects of the accessibility industry.
  9. Recognise the principal characteristics of audio description.
  10. Recognise the principal characteristics of subtitling for deaf people.
  11. Solve problems related to identification of characters and description of actions in an audiovisual product to be audio-described.
  12. Solve problems related to the identification of the speaker and the description of sounds in subtitles for deaf people.
  13. Use software to carry out audio descriptions.
  14. Work in and lead teams engaging in media accessibility.
  15. Write subtitles for the deaf and audio descriptions that fulfill the industry's professional standards.

Content

Audio description

Introductory block
• What is the AD? History of the AD.
• Users and expectations.
• Regulations and laws.
• Audio description of credits and logos.

Theoretical and practical block.
• Audio description of characters
• Audio description of linear actions.
• Audio description of non-linear actions.
• Audio description of complex actions.
• Audio description of complex actions.
• General practice: AD of children's products.
• General practice: AD of humorous and sexual contents.
• General practice: AD of the beginning of a movie.
• AD of performing arts (theater and opera).
• Labour market

Subtitling for the deaf

Introductory block.
• Subtitling for the deaf: definition, origins and types of subtitles
• The subtitles for the deaf in Spain: national panorama and regional panorama
• Laws, regulations and initiatives that help eliminate barriers
• The deaf receiver
• Subtitling practice for the hearing impaired: technical dimension
• Subtitling practice for the hearing impaired: orthotypographic dimension

Theoretical and practical block.
• The working method in SDH
• Reading speed and reduction in SDH
• Identification of characters and didascalias
• Sounds and music
• Products for a children's audience
• Duubed and voiced-over documentaries
• The linguistic aspects of the SDH in colloquial and comedy products
• Other types of products
• The labour market

Methodology

An active methodology with activities of various types is used. The instruments of the UAB Virtual Campus are used.

Possible methodologies:

Realization of audio description and subtitling tasks for the deaf
Realization of audio description and subtitling projects for the deaf
Resolution of exercises
Presentations of individual / group work
Debates (in person or in forums)
Cooperative learning techniques

The didactic activities are organized in three blocks, according to the degree of autonomy required of the student:
- Directed activities: requires the direction of a professor.
- Supervised activities: requires more or less punctual supervision of a professor.
- Autonomous activities: the student organizes time and effort autonomously (individually or in groups).

Activities

Title Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
Type: Directed      
Activities correction 15 0.6 1, 7, 6, 12, 11, 5
Critical analysis of products 12 0.48 3, 7, 6, 9, 10, 5
Presentation of theoretical content 15 0.6 3, 7, 9, 10
Type: Supervised      
Debates and reflection activities on relevant aspects 10 0.4 3, 2, 7, 6, 9, 10, 5
Preparation of exercises and assignments 10 0.4 1, 3, 15, 7, 14, 8, 9, 10, 12, 11, 4, 13
Presentation of critical analysis of products and joint reflection 10 0.4 3, 2, 7, 6, 14, 5
Type: Autonomous      
Autonomous work (exercises with software, analysis of products, documentation, constructions of virtual presentations, corrections, reading of bibliography, etc.) 153 6.12 1, 3, 2, 15, 7, 6, 14, 8, 9, 10, 12, 11, 5, 4, 13

Assessment

Related matters

The above information on assessment, assessment activities and their weighting is merely a guide. The subject's lecturer will provide full information when teaching begins.

Review

When publishing final marks prior to recording them on students' transcripts, the lecturer will provide written notification of a date and time for reviewing assessment activities. Students must arrange reviews in agreement with the lecturer.

Missed/failed assessment activities

Students may retake assessment activities they have failed or compensate for any they have missed, provided that those they have actually performed account for a minimum of 66.6% (two thirds) of the subject's final mark and that they have a weighted average mark of at least 3.5. Under no circumstances may an assessment activity worth 100% of the final mark be retaken or compensated for.

The lecturer will inform students of the procedure involved, in writing, when publishing final marks prior to recording them on transcripts. The lecturer may set one assignment per failed or missed assessment activity or a single assignment to cover a number of such activities.

Classification as "not assessable"

In the event of the assessment activities a student has performed accounting for just 25% or less of the subject's final mark, their work will be classified as "not assessable" on their transcript.

Misconduct in assessment activities

Students who engage in misconduct (plagiarism, copying, personation, etc.) in an assessment activity will receive a mark of “0” for the activity in question. In the case of misconduct in more than one assessment activity, the students involved will be given a final mark of “0” for the subject.

Students may not retake assessment activities in which they are found to have engaged in misconduct. Plagiarism is considered to mean presenting all or part of an author's work, whether published in print or in digital format, as one's own, i.e. without citing it. Copying is considered to mean reproducing all or a substantial part of another student's work. In cases of copying in which it is impossible to determine which of two students has copied the work of the other, both will be penalised.

Assessment Activities

Title Weighting Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
1. Active participation (exercises, class) 15 0 0 1, 3, 2, 15, 7, 6, 14, 8, 9, 10, 12, 11, 5, 4, 13
2. Group assignment 15 0 0 1, 3, 2, 15, 7, 6, 14, 9, 10, 12, 11, 5
3. Assignment 30 0 0 1, 3, 2, 15, 7, 6, 14, 8, 9, 10, 12, 11, 5, 4, 13
4. Final assignment 40 0 0 1, 3, 2, 15, 7, 6, 14, 8, 9, 10, 12, 11, 5, 4, 13

Bibliography

Selected bibliography

For more references, see BITRA: https://aplicacionesua.cpd.ua.es/tra_int/usu/buscar.asp [Keywords "accessibility" and "audio description" / "subtitles"]

 

Bibliography on Audio description [SPS below]

AENOR (2005): "Norma UNE: 153020. Audiodescripción para personas con discapacidad visual. Requisitos para la audiodescripción y elaboración de audioguías". Madrid: AENOR.

Arcos Urrutia, J. M. (2012) "Análisis de guiones audiodescritos y propuestas para la mejora de la norma UNE 153020". Revista electrónica de estudios filológicos, 22.  http://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum22/secciones/estudios-05-la_audiodescripcion.htm

Arma, S. (2011) The Language of Filmic Audio Description: A Corpus-Based Analysis of Adjectives. PhD dissertaion not published.  http://www.fedoa.unina.it/ 8740/1/ARMA_Saveria_23.pdf

Ballester, A. (2007). "Directores en la sombra: personajes y su caracterización en el guión audiodescrito de Todo sobre mi madre (1999)". In Catalina Jiménez (Ed.) Traducción y accesibilidad. Subtitulación para Sordos y audiodescripción para ciegos: nuevas modalidades de Traducción Audiovisual. Frankfurt: Peter Lang: 133- 152.

Bassols, M. & Santamaria, L. (2007) "Las indicaciones lingüísticas para la audiodescripción en inglés, en español y en catalán", in Ruiz Mezcua, B. & F. Utray (coor.) Accesibilidad a los medios audiovisuales para personas con discapacidad. Amadis'06. Madrid: Real Patronato sobre Discapacidad, 197-209.

— (2009) L'audiodescripció en català. Bellaterra: Servei de Publicacions de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

Benecke, B. (2004): "Audio-Description". Meta 49 (1): 78-80. Benecke, B. & E. Dosch (2004) Wenn ausBildern Worte werden. Munich: Bayerischer Rundfunk.

Benecke, B. (2007): "Audiodescription: The race between costs und quality". In: Leipziger Studien zur angewandten Linguistik und Translatogie, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Brussels, New York, Oxford, Vienna.

Benecke, B. (2007): "Audio Description: Phenomena of Information Sequencing". MUTRA. http://www.euroconferences.info/proceedings/2007_Proceedings/2007_Benecke_Bernd.pdf

— (2014): “Character fixation and character description: The naming and describing of characters in Inglorious Basterds”, in Maszerowska A., Matamala A. & Orero P. (eds.): Audio Description. New Perspectives illustrated. Amsterdam, Benjamins, p. 141-158.

Benecke, B. (in press): "Audio Description and Translation" in Rogers, Margret/Braun, Sabine (in press): Audiodescription. Amsterdam: Benjamins.

Bittner, H. (2011). "Audio description guidelines: a comparison". In Cross-cultural Pragmatics at a Crossroads II: Linguistic and Cultural representations across Media. Norwich: Language and Communication Studies UEA.

Bourne, J. (2007): "El impacto de las directrices ITC en el estilo de cuatro guiones AD en inglés". In Catalina Jiménez (Ed.) Traducción y accesibilidad. Subtitulación para Sordos y audiodescripción paraciegos: nuevas modalidades de Traducción Audiovisual. Frankfurt: Peter Lang: 179-198.

Bourne, J. & C. Jiménez (2007). "From the Visual to the Verbal in Two Languages: a Contrastive Analysis of the Audio Description of The Hours in English and Spanish". In Díaz Cintas, Jorge; Pilar Orero & Aline Remael (eds). Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language. Amsterdam: Rodopi: 175-188.

Braun, S. (2008): "Audio Description from a discourse perspective: a socially relevant framework for research and training". LANS 6: 357-372.

— (2008) "Audiodescription Research:State of the Art and Beyond". Translation Studies in the New Millennium, 6, 14-30.

— (2011) "Creating Coherence in Audiodescription". Meta, 56 (3), 645-662.

Cabeza-Cáceres, C. (2010) "Opera Audio Description at Barcelona's Liceu Theatre", in Díaz-Cintas, J.; A. Matamala & J. Neves (eds.) New Insights into Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 227-237.

— (2013). Audiodescripció i recepció: efecte de la velocitat de narració, l'entonació i l'explicitació en la comprensió fílmica. PhD dissertation not published, Departament de Traducció i d'Interpretació, UAB.

Cabeza-Cáceres, C. i Matamala, A. (2008) "La audiodescripción de ópera: La nueva propuesta del Liceo", in Pérez-Ugena A. & R. Vizcaíno-Laorga (eds.) Ulises y la Comunidad Sorda. Madrid: Observatorio de las Realidades Sociales y de la Comunicación, 195-108.

Cerezo Merchán, B. (2012) La didáctica de la traducción audiovisual en España. Un estudio de caso empírico-descriptivo. PhD dissertation.  http://tdx.cat/handle/10803/83363

Chapado Sánchez, M. (2010) "La audiodescriptibilidad del film: una nueva perspectiva de análisis fílmico". Frame, 6, 159-195.  http://fama2.us.es/fco/frame/ new_portal/textos/num6/estudios/9%20Audescripci%F3n_MartaChapado.pdf

Chmiel, A. & Mazur, I. (2011) "Overcoming Barriers – The Pioneering Years of Audio Description in Poland", in Serban A.; A. Matamala & J. M. Lavour (eds.) Audiovisual Translation in Close-up: Practical and Theoretical Approaches. Berna: Peter Lang, 279-296.

— (2012) "Audio Description Made to Measure: Reflections on Interpretation in AD Based on the Pear Tree Project Data", in Remael, A.; M. Carroll & P. Orero (eds.) Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility at the Crossroads. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 173-188.

—  (2012a). “AD reception research. Some methodologicalconsiderations”, in Perego E. (ed.): Emerging topics in translation: Audio description, Trieste, EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, p. 57-80.

—  (2012b). “Towards common European audio description guidelines: results of the Pear Tree Project”. Perspectives: Studies inTranslatology, 20(1), p. 5-23.

—  (2012c). “Audio description made to mesure: Reflections on interpretation on AD based on the Pear Tree Project data”, en Remael A., Orero P. & Carroll M. (eds.): Audiovisual Translation and MediaAccessibility at the Crossroads. Media for All 3. Amsterdam/ New York, Rodopi, p. 173-188.

Collins, R. (2012) Audio Description on Television: Past, Present and Future. London: RNIB.  http://www.rnib.org.uk/professionals/Documents/AD_on_TV _RNIB_policy_paper.pdf

Corral, A. (2012) "Les marques de subjectivitat en l'audiodescripció. L'òpera: una superposició de veus". Quaderns de traducció, 19, 111-122.

Corral, A. & Lladó, R. (2011) "Opera Multimodal Translation: Audio Describing Karol Szymanowski's Krol Roger for the Liceu Theatre, Barcelona". The Journal of Specialised Translation, 15, 163-179.

Díaz Cintas, J., Orero, P. & A. Remael (eds) (2007a) Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Fresno, N. (2012) "Experimenting with Characters. An Empirical Approach to the Audio Description of Fictional Characters", in Remael, A.; M. Carroll & P. Orero (eds.) Audiovisual Translation and Media Accessibility at the Crossroads. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 147-171

-- (2013) "Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words? The Role of Memory in Audio Description".

Fernández-Torné, A. & A. Matamala (2015): “Text-to-speech vs. human voiced audio description: a reception study in films dubbed into Catalan”, JosTrans-The Journal of Specialised Translation, 24(July 2015), p. 61-88.

Fix, U. (Hg.) (2005). Hörfilm. Bildkompensation durch Sprache, Erich Schmidt Verlag.

Fryer, L. (2010) "Audio Description as Audio Drama – A Practitioner's Point of View". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 18 (3), 205-213.

— (2014) "Audio Introductions for Film". Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness.

— (2016): An Introduction to Audio Description. A Practical Guide. New York, Routledge.

Fryer, L. & J. Freeman (2012): “Presence in those with and without sight: Audio Description and its Potential for Virtual Reality Applications”, Journal of Cyber Therapy & Rehabilitations, 5(1), p. 15-23.

— (2013): “Cinematic Language and the Description of Film: Keeping AD users in Frame”, Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 21(3), p. 412-426.

Fryer, L. & P. Romero Fresco (2014): “Audiointroductions”, in Maszerowska A., Matamala, A. & Orero P. (eds.): Audio Description: New perspectives illustrated. Amsterdam, Benjamins, p. 11-28.

Fuentes Luque, A. (2000): La recepción del humor audiovisual traducido: estudio comparativo de fragmentos de las versiones doblada y subtitulada al español de la película Duck Soup de los Hermanos Marx. PhD Dissertation. Granada, Universidad de Granada.

Fryer, L. & Freeman, J. (2012a) "Cinematic Language and the Description of Film: Keeping AD Users in Frame". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 0, 0, 1-15.

— (2012b) "Presence in Those with and without Sight: Audio Description and its Potential for Virtual Reality Applications". Journal of Cyber Theraphy & Rehabilitation, 5 (1), 15-23.

Greening, J. & Rolph, D. (2007). Accessibility: raising awareness of audio description in the UK. In Díaz Cintas, J., Orero, P. & Remael, A. (ed.). Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language(pp. 127-138).Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Fix, U. (Hg.) (2005). Hörfilm. Bildkompensation durch Sprache, Erich Schmidt Verlag.

Hyks, V. (2005) "Audio Description and Translation. Two related but different skills". Translating Today 4: 6-8.

Hyks, V. (2006) "Translation versus origination, creativity within limits". In Media and the Languages 2006 http://www.languages-media.com/lang_media_2006/protected/Veronika_Hyks.pdf

Jiménez Hurtado, C. (2007): "De imágenes a palabras: la audiodescripción como unanueva modalidad de traducción y de representación del conocimiento", in G. Wotjak, Quo vadis Translatologie? Leipzig: Frank und Timme: 143-160.

Jímenez Hurtado, C. (2007b): "Una gramática local del guión audiodescrito. Desde la semántica a la pragmática de un nuevo tipo de traducción". In C. Jiménez (Ed.) Traducción y accesibilidad. Subtitulación para Sordos y audiodescripción para ciegos: nuevas modalidades de Traducción Audiovisual. Frankfurt: Peter Lang: 55- 80.

Jímenez Hurtado, C. (2008): "La Audiodescripción desde la representación del conocimiento general. Configuración semántica de una gramática local del texto audiodescrito". LANS 6: 345-356.

Krejtz, I.; Szarkowska, A.; Walczak, A.; Krejtz, K. & Duchowski, A. (2012) "Audio Description as an Aural Guide of Children's Visual Attention: Evidence from an Eye-Tracking Study", in ETRA 2012: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. Santa Barbara (EUA), 99-106.

Kruger, J. L. (2009) "The Translation of Narrative Fiction: Impostulating the Narrative Origo". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 17 (1), 15-32.

— (2010) "Audio Narration: Re-Narrativising Film". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 18 (3), 231-249.

Kruger, J. L. & Orero, P. (2010) "Audio Description, Audio Narration: A New Era inAVT". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 18 (3), 141-142.

Lakritz, P. & Salway, A. (2006) "The Semi-Automatic Generation of Audio Description from Screenplays". Dept. of Computing Technical Report CS-06-05. Surrey: University of Surrey.  http://www.bbrel.co.uk/pdfs/CS-06-05.pdf

Ley 7/2010, de 31 de marzo, General de la Comunicación Audiovisual.  http://boe.es/boe/dias/2010/04/01/pdfs/BOE-A-2010-5292.pdf

López Vera, J. F. (2006a) "Traducir audiodescripciones ¿una necesidad inminente?" Ponència presentada al congrés Accesibilidad a los medios audiovisuales para personas con discapacidad. Amadis'06.  http://www.cesya.es/estaticas/ congreso/Ponencias/Resumenes/05.pdf

— (2006b) "Translating Audio Description Scripts: The Way Forward? - Tentative First Stage Project Results". Ponència presentada a congrés Mutra 2006. http://www.euroconferences.info/proceedings/2006_Proceedings/2006_Lopez_Vera_ Juan_Francisco.pdf

Martínez Sierra, J. J. (2010) "Approaching the Audio Description of Humour". Entreculturas 2, 87-103.

Marzà Ibáñez, A. (2010) "Evaluation Criteria and Film Narrative. A Frame to Teaching Relevance in Audio Description". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 18 (3), 143-153.

Matamala, A. (2005): "Live Audio Description in Catalonia". Translating Today 4: 9-11.

Matamala, A. (2006) "La accesibilidad en los medios: aspectos lingüísticos y retos de formación". In Ricardo Perez-Amat & Álvaro Pérez-Ugena (Eds.)Sociedad, integración y televisión en España Madrid: Laberinto: 293- 306.

Matamala, A. (2007) "Audiodescription in Catalonia". Translation Watch Quarterly Volume 3 Issue 2: 37-48.

Matamala, A. (2007) "La audiodescripción en directo", In C. Jiménez (Ed.) Traducción y accesibilidad. Subtitulación para Sordos y audiodescripción para ciegos:nuevas modalidades de Traducción Audiovisual. Frankfurt: Peter Lang: 121-132.

Matamala, A. & Orero, P. (2006) "Integración de la accesibilidad en los medios en los estudios de traducción". Ponència presentada al Congrés Internacional de Docència Universitària i Innovació.

— (2007a) "Accessible Opera in Catalan: Opera for All", in Díaz-Cintas, J.; P. Orero & A. Remael (eds.) Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 201-214.

— (2007b) "Designing a Course on Audio Description: Main Competences of the Future Professional". Linguistica Antverpiensia New Series, 6, 329-344.

— (2008) "L'accessibilitat a Televisió de Catalunya: parlem amb Rosa Vallverdú, directora del departament de Subtitulació de TVC". Quaderns de Traducció, 16, 301-312.

— (2011) "Opening Credit Sequences - Audio Describing Films within Films". International Journal of Translation, 23, 35-58.

Matamala, A. & Rami, N. (2009) "Comparative Analysis of Spanish and German Audio Description of Good-bye, Lenin". Hermeneus, 11, 249-266.

Matamala, A. & Remael, A. (2011) Audio Description Reloaded. Presentació al congrés Points of View in Languages and Culture.

McGonigle, F. (2007) The Audio Description of Children's Films. Treball de recerca no publicat. University of Surrey.

Mateos Miguélez, B. (2005) Audiodescripción: estudio y análisis a través de un fragmento de la película Shrek. Treball de recerca no publicat. Universidade de Vigo.

Neves, J. (2012) "Multi-Sensory Approaches to (Audio) Description. Describing the Visual Arts". MonTI. Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación, 4, 277-293.

Orero, P. (2005a) "La inclusión de la accesibilidad en comunicación audiovisual dentro de los estudios de traducción audiovisual". Quaderns de Traducció, 12, 173-185.

— (2005b) "Teaching Audiovisual Accessibility". Translating Today, 4, 12-15.

— (2005c) "Audio Description: Professional Recognition, Practice and Standards in Spain". Translation Watch Quarterly, 1, 7-18.

— (2006) "Algunas consideraciones sobre la audio descripción comercial en España", in Pérez-Amat, R. & Á. Pérez-Ugena (eds.) Sociedad, integración y televisión en España. Madrid: Laberinto, 277-292.

— (2007a) "Jorge Arandes, Audio Description Pioneer". JosTrans. The Journal of Specialised Translation, 7, 190-194.

— (2007b) "Sampling Audio Description in Europe", in Díaz-Cintas, J.; P. Orero & A. Remael (eds.) Media for All: Subtitling for the Deaf, Audio Description and Sign Language. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 111-125.

— (2007c) "¿Quién hará la audiodescripción comercial en España? El futuro perfil del descriptor", in Jiménez, C. (ed.) Traducción y accesibilidad. Subtitulación para sordos y audiodescripción para ciegos: nuevas modalidades de Traducción Audiovisual. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 111-120.

— (2007d) "Audio Subtitling: A Possible Solution for Opera Accessibility in Catalonia", in Franco, E. P. C. & V. Santiago Araújo (coor.) TradTerm. São Paulo: Humanitas, 135-149.

— (2008) "Three Different Receptions of the Same Film. The Pear Stories Applied to Audio Description". European Journal of English Studies, 179-193.

— (2011) "The Audio Description of Spoken, Tactile, and Written Languages in Be With Me", in Serban, A.; A. Matamala & J. M. Lavour (eds.) Audiovisual Translation in Close-up: Practical and Theoretical Approaches. Bern: Peter Lang.

— (2012) "Audio Description for Children: Once upon a Time There Was a Different Audio Description for Characters",inDi Giovanni, E. (ed.) Between Text and Receiver: Accessibility, Dubbing and Translation. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 169-184.

Orero, P. & Matamala, A. (2007) "Accessible Opera: Overcoming Linguistic and Sensorial Barriers". Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 15 (4), 262-278.

Orero, P.; Pereira, A. & Utray, F. (2007) "Visión histórica de la accesibilidad en los medios en España". TRANS: Revista de Traductología, 11, 31-43.

Orero, P. & Wharton, S. (2007) "The Audio Description of a Spanish Phenomenon: Torrente". JosTrans. The Journal of Specialised Translation, 7, 164-178.

Orero, P. & Vilaró, A. (2012) "Eye Tracking Analysis of Minor Details in Films for Audio Description". MonTI. Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación, 4, 295-319.

Orero, P. & Vilaró, A. (in press) "Leitmotif in Audio Description: Anchoring Information to Optimise Retrieval", in Bruti, S.; E. Di Giovanni & P. Orero (eds.) Audiovisual Translation across Europe: An Ever-Changing Landscape. Bern/Berlin: Peter Lang.

Ortiz-Boix, C. (2012) Tecnologies per a l'audiodescripció: estudi sobre l'aplicació de la traducció automàtica i la síntesi de parla a l'audiodescripció en castellà. Treball de final de màster no publicat. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

Palomo, A. (2008a) "Audio Description for Children: the Art of Reading Images as Storytelling. A Contrastive Analysis of the British and Spanish Practices of Audio Describing Children Films". Treball final de màster no publicat. Roehampton University.

— (2008b) "Audio Description as Language Development and Language Learning for Blind and Visual Impaired Children", in Parker, H.; Rebecca & Karla Guadarrama García (eds.) Thinking Translation: Perspectives from Within and Without. Boca Raton, Florida: Brown Walker Press, 113-134.

— (2010) "The Benefitsof AudioDescription for Blind Children". Ponència presentada al congrés Media for All 2.

Parrilla, J. (2007) "Estado actual y perspectivas de la audiodescripción en los países francófonos", a Jiménez, C. (ed.) Traducción y accesibilidad. Subtitulación para sordos y audiodescripción para ciegos: nuevas modalidades de Traducción Audiovisual. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 199-208.

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