Degree | Type | Year | Semester |
---|---|---|---|
2500893 Speech therapy | OB | 2 | 1 |
There are no official prerequisites for this subject. However, it is recommended that students have passed the subjects of the first course "Anatomy and physiology of the voice and speech organs (101701)" and "Anatomy and physiology of the nervous system (101700)".
This course is taught during the first semester of the second year, after having studied in the first year, the subjects "Anatomy and physiology of the voice and speech organs (101701)" and "Anatomy and physiology of the nervous system (101700)" that cover the different relevant systems in a situation of normality.
The subject "Biological changes during the life cycle: implications for speech therapy" aims for students to acquire basic learning of the processes and mechanisms of development, growth and human body changes along the life cycle (from the embryonic period to old age). Particular emphasis is placed on those systems which are relevant for speech therapists, such as the nervous system and organs related to speech, voice, hearing and swallowing.
The course is divided into two modules: the first refers to the prenatal period and the second to the postnatal period.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Module 1: Prenatal period
Module 2: Postnatal period
Justification:
This subject provides the student of speech therapy with the basic knowledge about the biological changes that occur throughout the life in the organs and systems of the body. Knowing the stages of normal development will serve to define the baseline framework to assess the person’ situation and progress, establish a rigorous differential diagnosis, and plan the most optimal treatment.
The function of the organs related to speech, voice, hearing and swallowing is heavily influenced by the history of the person, i.e. the genetic and environmental factors that shape their anatomy, the development of the necessary connections with the nervous system, and the learning and training of the function during the life. In many occasions, abnormal development of embryo, altered growth of the child or biological changes at later ages may lead to important problemsrequiring logopedic interventions. Therefore, by knowing how the individual has been transformed during the different periods of life, we can correctly identify the biological situation of these structures and determine the goal and efficacy of the therapy.
For this purpose, the course is dedicated to offer the student of speech therapy the tools to understand the evolution of a subject from conception to death so the student will be able to recognize normality and identify more accurately pathological situations. The course is divided in two modules: prenatal and postnatal, which deal with the molecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms occurring before and after birth, respectively. Fundamental concepts oncell biology and genetics will be reviewed at the beginning of the course for better understanding of embryonic and fetal development mechanisms.
MODULE 1- PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT
Teacher contact: Biology Part - Maria.Oliver@uab.cat / Embryology Part - Angela.Bellmunt@uab.cat
Lectures: This block has 18 sessions (6 of biology and 12 of embryology) covering the following topics:
Unit 1. Cellular division: Mitosis, meiosis, spermatogenesis, oogenesis and fertilization.
Unit 2. Cellular mechanisms of development: cellulargrowth, determination and differentiation of the cell, cell proliferation, apoptosis (programmed cell death), cell migration, regulation and intensification of transcription during development and intercellular communications.
Unit 3. Genetic control of development: general characteristics and examples of implicated genes: transcription factors- Genes HOX and PAX; signal molecules- SHH.
Unit 4. First week of gestation: cleavage divisions and the migration of the embryo though the Fallopian tube, the blastocyst.
Unit 5. Second week of gestation: implantation, bilaminar embryonic disc, formation and fate of the embryonic layers. Abnormalities
Unit 6. Third week of gestation: gastrulation (embryonic disc, primitive streak, primitive node), notochord, trilaminar embryo. Derivates of the germ layers.
Unit 7. The fourth to eighth week. Embryo folding. Organogenesis.
Unit 8. Fetal development
Unit 9. Development of the nervous system: neurulation, reorganization of the neural tube, early brain structure. Central nervous system malformations
Unit 10.- Development of the pharyngeal apparatus: pharyngeal grooves, pharyngeal arches, pharynges pouches.
Unit 11.- Development of the face: nose and nasal cavity, oral cavity, palate and tongue. Main malformations.
Unit 12.- Development of the eyes: optic vesicles, optic cup and lens placode. Main malformations.
Unit 13. Development of the ears: inner ear, middle ear and outer ear. Malformations that affect hearing loss
Unit 14.- Development of respiratory system: upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract, lung development stages. Malformations of the larynx.
Seminars: In this learning activity the students will be divided into small groups to promote interaction with the teaching staff.
Sem.1- Genetics: Students will work in groups looking for information on genetic diseases involved in the malformations of the speech, voice and hearing organs. At the beginning or the end of the seminar, students will have to answer an EV2 exam. In addition, each group of students will have to present a summary of their conclusions (EV4).
Sem 2- Earlyembryonic development: Students will work in small groups to reinforce the theoretical content. At the beginning or the end of the seminar, the students will have to answer an exam corresponding toEV3.
Sem 3.- Organogenesis: Students will work in small groups to reinforce the theoretical content. At the beginning or the end of the seminar, the students will have to answer an exam corresponding to EV3.
Sem 4.- Anomalies in thedevelopment of the prenatal period: Students will work in small groups to reinforce the theoretical content. At the beginning or the end of the seminar, the students will have to answer an exam corresponding to EV3.
MODULE 2 - POSTNATAL PERIOD
Teacher contact: Lectures: Ignacio.Delgado@uab.cat / Seminars: Christelle.Serra@uab.cat
Lectures: This block has 9 sessions covering the following topics:
Unit 15. General concepts on growth and postnatal development: Differences between growth and development, factors that influence growth, measurement and assessment of growth.
Unit 16. Physiology of growth: The physiological process of growth, homeostasis and feedback systems.
Unit 17. Hormonal regulation of growth: Hormonal control of somatic growth, types of hormones and classification, growth hormone (GH), thyroid hormones and their involvement in postnatal development.
Unit 18. Growth and development of the nervous system: Neuronal regeneration and compensatory mechanisms, synaptogenesis, neural plasticity and myelination during life.
Unit 19. Growth and development after birth: Physiological adaptation to the birth process, cardiorespiratory changes at birth, swallowing function during the first year of life, neurological development and the speech function after birth and later years.
Unit 20. Biological changes during adolescence: Sexual hormones, puberty and adolescence, development during adolescence, maturation of the oropharynx and larynx during adolescence, physiological changes of speech during adolescence.
Unit 21. Maturation and development of the voice and speech function during adulthood: physiological changes of voice and speech,environmental-related and other common variations of the normal voice function.
Unit 22. Biological changes during ageing: the ageing process, physiological, molecular and cellular changes of ageing.
Unit 23. Ageing of organs and systems: ageing of the cardiorespiratory system, ageing of the nervous system, ageing of the language and speech function.
Seminar: Students have a seminar consisting of a group oral presentation and interactive discussion
Sem 5.- Changes in voice, swallowing, speech, and language during the postnatal period.
Lectures: Systemized lectures on subject topics, emphasizing those concepts related to speech therapy practice. Students acquire the basic scientific knowledge of the subject by attending theory classes, which must be complemented by personal and independent study. Each lecture lasts 1.5 hours.
Seminars: The knowledge acquired in the lectures and self-study will be applied to solve clinical cases. The seminars involve active student work in small groups supervised by the teacher.
Virtual classroom: The virtual classroom (Campus Virtual) will encourage continuous learning of the students through the exchange of relevant scientific articles, videos, links, etc., and discussions.
N.B. The proposed teaching and assessment methodologies may experience some modifications as a result of the restrictions on face-to-face learning imposed by the health authorities. The teaching staff will use the Moodle classroom or the usual communication channel to specify whether the different directed and assessment activities are to be carried out on site or online, as instructed by the Faculty
Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.
Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|
Type: Directed | |||
Lectures | 31.5 | 1.26 | 14, 6, 5, 7, 1, 4 |
Seminars | 14 | 0.56 | 2, 14, 5, 13, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, 12, 4, 11 |
Type: Supervised | |||
Tutorials in person and virtual | 6 | 0.24 | 14, 6, 13, 7, 9, 10, 1, 12 |
Type: Autonomous | |||
Drafting of works | 15 | 0.6 | 5, 13, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, 4 |
Evaluation | 8.5 | 0.34 | 3, 14, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, 4 |
Reading of texts | 20 | 0.8 | 3, 14, 6, 5, 7, 9, 10, 1, 11 |
Search for documentation | 15 | 0.6 | 3, 6, 9, 10, 1, 11 |
Study | 36 | 1.44 | 3, 14, 6, 7, 9, 10, 1, 11 |
The assessment system is divided in 2 parts:
I) Prenatal module (represents 65% of the final grade).
II) Postnatal module (represents 35% of the final grade).
All students will have two opportunities to pass both parts of the subject: the assessments scheduled during the course (partial exams) and the final exam.
The exams can be written in Catalan or Spanish. If the student has difficulties in understanding the language of the written exam, she may request to have it translated to other alternative language, provided it is formally addressed in written form to the coordinator before the 4th week of the current semester.
I) Prenatal module
The competences of this module will be assessed by:
This prenatal module will be passed if the student (1) obtains a minimum of ≥ 4.0 in each part of the module (EV1 to EV5), and (2) the grade of the prenatal module is ≥ 5.0
The grade of the prenatal module will be calculated as:
Prenatal module grade = EV1 (55%) + EV2 (8%) + EV3 (20%) + EV4 (8%) + EV5 (9%)
II) Postnatal module
The competences of this module will be assessed by:
Students will pass this postnatalmodule if they (1) obtain a minimum of ≥ 4.0 in each part of the module (EV6 to EV8) and (2) the grade of the postnatal module is ≥ 5.0
The grade of the postnatal module will be calculated as
Postnatal module grade = EV6 (65%) + EV7 (25%) + EV8 (10%)
Recovery exam:
Students who fail to pass any of the modules will have to attend the recovery assessment.
Recovery assessment of the prenatal module: Students have to attend the recovery exam of this part if the prenatal module grade is < 5.0 or they have not obtained a minimum of 4.0 in each EV part of the module.
Students will take the recovery exam of the part of the module (EV1 to EV5) with a mark <4.00, with the same characteristics of the assessment scheduled during the course.
Recovery assessment of the postnatal module: Students have to attend the recovery exam of this part if the postnatal module grade is < 5.0 or they have not obtained a minimum of 4.0 in each EV part of the module.
Students will take the recovery exam of the part of the module (EV6 to EV8) with a mark <4.00, with the same characteristics of the assessment scheduled during thecourse.
Students who want to improve their grade on the module can take the recovery exam (EV1 or EV6).
Final grade:
The final grade will be the weighted average of the grade of the prenatal module (65%) and the grade of the postnatal module (35%). To apply this formula, the student should obtain a grade ≥ 4.0 of each re-evaluated part in the final exam.
Continuous evaluation
Evidence code |
Description |
Weigh (%) |
Format (written,oral,both) |
Authorship (group, individual, both) |
Via (presence, virtual, both) |
Dates |
EV1 |
Multiple choice test (prenatal) |
36% |
Written |
Individual |
Presence |
Week 10 |
EV2 |
classroom test after seminar 1 |
5% |
Written |
Individual |
Presence |
Week 2 |
EV3 |
classroom tests after seminars 2,3,4 |
13% |
Written |
Individual |
Presence |
Weeks 6, 8, & 9 |
EV4 |
final summary of group project- Sem 1 |
5% |
Written |
Group |
Virtual |
Week 2 |
EV5 |
Group work - Sem 2,3,4 |
6% |
Both |
Group |
Presence |
Weeks 6,8 & 9 |
EV6 |
Multiple choice test (postnatal) |
23% |
Written |
Individual |
Presence |
Week 18 |
EV7 |
Practical exposition sem 5 (postnatal) |
9% |
Both |
Both |
Presence |
Week 14-15 |
EV8 |
On-line test (postnatal) |
3% |
Written |
Individual |
virtual |
Week 15 |
Evaluation guideness: https://www.uab.cat/web/estudiar/grados/grados/evaluaciones-1345732995017.html
No unique final synthesis test for students who enrole for the second time or more is anticipated.
Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cooperative learning (group work) (EV2, EV3) | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2, 3, 14, 6, 5, 13, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, 12, 4, 11 |
Online activities (EV 8) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3, 14, 6, 5, 13, 7, 9, 10, 1, 4, 11 |
Oral presentations (EV4, EV5, EV7) | 20 | 0 | 0 | 2, 3, 14, 5, 13, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, 12, 4, 11 |
Wrtitten tests (EV1, EV6) | 59 | 4 | 0.16 | 3, 14, 6, 5, 13, 7, 8, 9, 10, 1, 4 |
Prenatal module:
Postnatal module: