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Regional Economics

Code: 102839 ECTS Credits: 6
2024/2025
Degree Type Year
2501915 Environmental Sciences OT 4

Contact

Name:
Jesus Ramos Martin
Email:
jesus.ramos@uab.cat

Teaching groups languages

You can view this information at the end of this document.


Prerequisites

There are none.

 


Objectives and Contextualisation

The objective of the subject is twofold: on the one hand, to understand the basic concepts of ecological economics that should allow us, on the other, to understand human systems as systems open to the input of energy and materials, and to the output of waste. That is, the biophysical functioning of economies is studied, what is known as "societal metabolism" and the role that natural resources play in maintaining the economic system.

The course also studies sustainable development and its evolution over time, with concepts such as eco-efficiency and the circular economy. The laws of thermodynamics and their importance in economics will be discussed, as well as complexity, systems theory and hierarchy theory, and their applications to economic systems. The exosomatic evolution of societies, the circular economy and degrowth will be discussed.

At the end of the course the student will have a clearer idea of:

i) The basic concepts of ecological economics and its use in environmental sciences;
ii) The basic literature of the methods and concepts presented;
iii) The relationship between the economic process of human systems and the earth system, as well as the different approaches used to analyze this interaction

 

 


Competences

  • Adequately convey information verbally, written and graphic, including the use of new communication and information technologies.
  • Analyze and use information critically.
  • Demonstrate adequate knowledge and use the tools and concepts of the most relevant social science environment.
  • Demonstrate concern for quality and praxis.
  • Demonstrate initiative and adapt to new situations and problems.
  • Teaming developing personal values regarding social skills and teamwork.
  • Work autonomously

Learning Outcomes

  1. Adequately convey information verbally, written and graphic, including the use of new communication and information technologies.
  2. Analyze and use information critically.
  3. Critically analyze basic environmental science literature in Catalan, Castilian and English.
  4. Demonstrate concern for quality and praxis.
  5. Demonstrate initiative and adapt to new situations and problems.
  6. Identify environmental and social impacts associated with human activity.
  7. Properly use the analytical concepts of environmental science.
  8. Teaming developing personal values regarding social skills and teamwork.
  9. Work autonomously

Content

1. The economy as an open subsystem within the biosphere
a. The environment in the economy
b. Environmental economics and ecological economics
c. Main magnitudes and economic aggregates
d. The income cycle and the generation of added value
e. Natural resources in the economic process

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 14-26, 90-127, 448-466, 572-574; Pérez-Rincón 2024; Common and Stagl 2005: 1-6.

Complementary Reading: Ramos-Martin 2004; Martínez-Alier 2023.


2. Sustainable development and its evolution, eco-efficiency, green economy and circular economy
a. From ecodevelopment to sustainable development
b. The Brundtland Commission and Sustainable Development
c. Eco-efficiency and dematerialization
d. Green economy and circular economy
e. The UN journey to the Sustainable Development Goals

Basic Reading: Common and Stagl 2005: 362-379; Puig Ventosa and Martínez Sánchez 2023; Harris 2023.

Complementary Reading: Gómez-Baggethun 2012; Villarraga 2023.

 

3. Complexity, hierarchies and evolution
a. Complexity and its relationship with energy
b. The laws of thermodynamics and their economic interpretation
c. The economic myths of Georgescu-Roegen and the bioeconomic paradigm

Basic Reading: Ramos-Martin 2004; Lomas 2023..

Complementary Reading: Common and Stagl 2005: 26-36

 

4. Exosomatic evolution of societies
a. Endosomatic and exosomatic energy
b. The Podolinsky economic coefficient
c. Lotka, Odum and Ulanowicz
d. Exosomatic evolution of societies (Peak oil)

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 26-47, 370-378, 498-505, 582-587; Valero et al., 2021.

Complementary Reading: Kerschner et al., 2010.

 

5. The scale of the economy and the debate on degrowth
a. From scarcity problems to sink problems
b. The limits to growth
c. Daly's Steady State
d. Debates about degrowth and post-growth

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 466-498, 574-577; Sempere 2008. Carpintero y Nieto 2021.

Complementary Reading: Daly 1995; Kallis 2023; O’Neill 2012.

 

6. Ownership and access to natural resources
a. Typology of property rights and its relationship with the management of natural resources
b. Governance of the commons: theory and examples. Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons
c. Processes of access and exclusion to natural resources
d. Examples: global commons (sea and atmosphere), biopiracy, land-grabbing

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 419-423; Aguilera 1992.

Complementary Reading: GRAIN 2014, D’Alisa 2013.

 

7. Political ecology: ecological-distributive conflicts and environmental justice
a. Ecological-distributive conflicts
b. Environmental justice movements
c. The example of Ecological Debt and Carbon Debt
d. Political Ecology

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 522-528, 532-558, 593-594. Martínez-Alier 2004.

Complementary Reading: Guha 1995; Scheidel 2023.

 

8. Post-normal science and multi-criteria analysis for decision making
a. Methodological foundations (substantive and procedural rationality, complexity and post-normal science).
b. Structuring of a multi-criteria problem (alternatives and criteria, weighting of the criteria).
c. Main discrete multicriteria approaches (Utility Approach, MAUT; Outranking Methods; NAIADE).
d. Examples

Basic Reading: Munda 2004; Funtowicz and Ravetz 2023.

Complementary Reading: Falconí y Burbano 2004; Martí et al., 2000; Comas et al., 2012.

 

9. Trade and environment
a. Determinants of trade: absolute and relative advantages
b. International trade governance (WTO)
c. Environmental implications of international trade
d. Unequal exchange, unequal ecological exchange and unequal caloric exchange

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 81-85, 506-522, 528-532; Samaniego et al. 2015; Pérez-Rincón 2007.

Complementary Reading: Falconí et al., 2017; Ramos-Martin et al., 2017; UNCTAD 2022; Pérez 2006; Espinoza et al., 2016; Peinado 2018.

 

10. Biodiversity economics and governance
a. The timeline of biodiversity governance: from the Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) to the Nagoya Protocol (2010)
b. The generation of value from biodiversity (appropriation mechanisms)
c. Nagoya Protocol and the multilateral system of access to genetic resources
d. The fair and equitable distribution derived from access to genetic resources: monetary and non-monetary benefits

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 558-571; Níjar 2011; Common and Stagl 2005: 521-527, 534-537.

Complementary Reading: Vogel 2004, Reyes 1996.

 

11. Economics and governance of climate change
a. Greenhouse effect and global warming
b. Climate change governance (UNFCCC and IPCC)
c. Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, national communications and NDC
d. Compliance mechanisms: emissions markets, clean development mechanism, joint implementation.

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 81-85, 540-558; Ramos-Martin 2001; Common and Stagl 2005: 482-517.

Complementary Reading: Falconí et al., 2019; Fernández-Reyes 2016; CEPAL 2015.

 

12. Analysis of the metabolism of societies
a. Input-Output Analysis
b. Material Flow Analysis
c. Energy analysis, energy accounting, eMergy, exergy
d. Multiscalar Analysis of the Metabolism of Societies and Ecosystems (MuSIASEM)

Basic Reading: Martínez Alier y Roca Págs. 47-89; Eisenmenger et al., 2007; Ramos-Martin 2012.

Complementary Reading: Vallejo 2006; Moncada 2006; Pérez 2006; Muñoz y Roca 2006; Madrid y Velázquez 2008; Velasco-Fernández et al. 2015; Toledo 2008; Guzmán y González de Molina 2008; Tello et al., 2008; González et al., 2015; Giampietro 2023.

 


Activities and Methodology

Title Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
Type: Directed      
Seminars 8 0.32 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Theory 40 1.6 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9
Type: Supervised      
Tutoring 17 0.68 1, 2, 4, 5, 9
Type: Autonomous      
Information research 10 0.4 2, 3, 9
Personal study 61 2.44 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9

Classes will focus on exposing the conceptual bases and foundations of ecological economics, as well as discussing its applicability in the current context. Current phenomena regarding the use of energy and materials at a national and global level will be analyzed, as well as the impacts on both nature and distributive justice.

For each class, students must have read the mandatory bibliography for each session and will raise any doubts they have with the teacher.

The multidisciplinary approach of ecological economics requires from the student a strong degree of autonomous work that must consist of recommended readings, in addition to the mandatory ones, and in the discussion, with the teacher and in the classroom, of the concepts and analytical methods learned.

 

Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.


Assessment

Continous Assessment Activities

Title Weighting Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
1st partial Exam 35% 2 0.08 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9
2nd partial Exam 35% 2 0.08 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9
Written assignment 30% 10 0.4 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

CONTINUOUS EVALUATION

The continuous evaluation of the subject will consist of:

- 2 partial knowledge exams that may combine multiple choice and thematic questions and that will count for 35% of the final grade each.

- A written assignment, which will count 30% of the final grade.

SINGLE EVALUATION

Students who take the Single Evaluation for this subject must take a single exam on the day indicated in the calendar, and will also hand in their individual work that day. The final grade will be calculated following the following weighting: 70% of the exam, and 30% of the written assignment.

RETAKE

If the student fails the subject, whether it is the continuous evaluation or the single evaluation, they have another opportunity to pass the subject through the retake exam that will be held on the date set by the coordination of the degree. In this test, 70% of the grade can be recovered, corresponding to theory and seminars. Written assignments will not be recoverable. If a minimum grade of 3 is exceeded, this grade will be averaged with the grade obtained in the written assignment, taking into account the weighting of 70% for the exam and 30% for the written assignment.

 


Bibliography

BIBLIOGRAPHY (basic one in bold)

Aguilera, F. (1992): “El fin de la tragedia de los comunes”, Ecología Política, Nro. 3: 137-145. Disponible online en https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/03_Aguilera_1992.pdf

Carpintero, O., Nieto, J. (2021): “Transición energética y escenarios postcrecimiento”, Papeles de relaciones ecosociales y cambio global, Num. 156: 93-106. https://www.fuhem.es/papeles_articulo/transicion-energetica-y-escenarios-postcrecimiento/

Common, M. S., & Stagl, S. (2005). Ecological economics: an introduction. Cambridge University Press. https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/1eqfv2p/alma991010751826406709

Eisenmenger, N., Ramos-Martin, J., Schandl, H. (2007): “Análisis del metabolism energético y de materiales de Brasil, Chile y Venezuela”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 6: 17-39. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev6_02.pdf

Funtowicz, S., Ravetz, J.R. (2023): “Post-normal science”, en Padilla Rosa, E., and Ramos-Martin, J. (Eds.) (2023): Elgar Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-80220-040-9. https://search-ebscohost-com.are.uab.cat/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=3686066&lang=es&site=ehost-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_437

Harris, J.M. (2023): “Green economy”, en Padilla Rosa, E., and Ramos-Martin, J. (Eds.) (2023): Elgar Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-80220-040-9. https://search-ebscohost-com.are.uab.cat/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=3686066&lang=es&site=ehost-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_284

Lomas, P.L. (2023): “Complex socio-ecological systems”, en Padilla Rosa, E., and Ramos-Martin, J. (Eds.) (2023): Elgar Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-80220-040-9. https://search-ebscohost-com.are.uab.cat/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=3686066&lang=es&site=ehost-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_75

Martínez-Alier, J. (2004): “Los conflictos ecológico-distributivos y los indicadores de sustentabilidad”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 1: 21-30. https://redibec.org/ojs/index.php/revibec/article/view/342/212

Martínez Alier, J., Roca, J. (2015). Economía ecológica y política ambiental, Fondo de Cultura Económica, México, 629 p., 3ª Edición, revisada y aumentada.

https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/avjcib/alma991010518274606709  

Munda, G. (2004). Métodos y procesos multicriterio para la evaluación social de las políticas públicas. Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 1: 31-45. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev1_articulo1.pdf   

Nijar, G. S. (2011): The Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit sharing of genetic resources: analysis and implementation options for developing countries. South Centre research paper 36. Disponible on line https://www.southcentre.int/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Ev_130201_GNjar1.pdf

Padilla Rosa, E. and Ramos-Martin, J. (Eds.) (2023): Elgar Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-80220-040-9. https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/avjcib/alma991010845234606709

Pérez-Rincón, M.A. (2007): “El intercambio ecológicamente desigual del comercio internacional colombiano”, Ecología Política, No. 33: 121-123. Versión electrónica disponible en https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/033_Perez-Rincon_2007.pdf 

Pérez-Rincón, M.A. (2024): “Economía ecológica para América Latina y el Caribe: bases conceptuales y perspectivas de política pública para la sostenibilidad”, en J. Sánchez y M. León (Coords.) Recursos naturales y desarrollo sostenible: propuestas teóricas en el contexto de América Latin y el Caribe, serie Recursos Naturales y Desarrollo, Nº 220, Santiago, Comisión Económica para América latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IlZdjibGUCT8JkCEM36mJm5pdEsfkydi/view?usp=sharing  

Puig Ventosa, I., Martínez Sanchez, V. (2023): “Circular Economy”, en Padilla Rosa, E., and Ramos-Martin, J. (Eds.) (2023): Elgar Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-80220-040-9. https://search-ebscohost-com.are.uab.cat/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=3686066&lang=es&site=ehost-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_52

Ramos-Martin, J. (2001): “De Kyoto a Marrakech: historia de una flexibilización anunciada”, Ecología Política 22: 45-56. Versión electrónica disponible en https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/022_Ramos_2002.pdf  

Ramos-Martin, J. (2004). La perspectiva biofísica del proceso económico: Economía Ecológica, en F. Falconi, M. Hercowitz, R. Muradian (Eds.) (2004): Globalización y Desarrollo en América Latina. FLACSO, Quito, Ecuador, pp. 19-47. Versión electrónica disponible en https://drive.google.com/file/d/1I51aHG1S7hjCduv3iaspx4P1Gyb_r-y9/view?usp=sharing

Ramos-Martin, J. (2012): “Economía biofísica”, Investigación y Ciencia, Junio, pp.: 68-75. Disponible online en https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ISYNIsg4H7xSKYDNbkHyi2G_EaKd5BaK/view?usp=sharing

Samaniego, P., Vallejo, M.C., Martínez-Alier, J. (2015): “Desequilibrios en la balanza comercial andina: ¿se ajustan biofísicamente?”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economia Ecologica, Vol. 24: 163-185. Disponible online en https://redibec.org/ojs/index.php/revibec/article/view/154/56 

Sempere, J. (2008): “Decrecimiento y autocontención”, Ecología Política, Núm. 35: 35-44. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/035_Sempere_2008.pdf

Valero, A., Calvo, G., Valero, A. (2021): “Thanatia. Límites minerales a la transición energética”, Papeles de relaciones ecosociales y cambio global, Núm. 156: 27-41. https://www.fuhem.es/papeles_articulo/thanatia-limites-minerales-de-la-transicion-energetica/

CEPAL (2015): La economía del cambio climático en América Latina y el Caribe: paradojas y desafíos del desarrollo sostenible. Comisión Económica de Naciones Unidas para América Latina y el Caribe, 98 p. Disponible en https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/37310/S1420656_es.pdf 

Comas, E., Bosch, A.D., Cuéllar, M., Gamboa, G. (2012): “Sostenibilidad de la producción porcina en Cataluña (España). Aplicación del análisis multicriterio”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 18: 1-19. https://redibec.org/ojs/index.php/revibec/article/view/203/90

D’Alisa, G. (2013): “Bienes comunes: las estructuras que conectan”, Ecología Política, Núm. 45: 30-41. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/045_DAlisa_2013.pdf

Daly, H. (1995): “Dinero, deuda y riqueza virtual. Epílogo a la segunda edición de  Para el Bien Común”, Ecología Política, Núm 9: 51-75. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/09_Daly_1995.pdf

Espinoza Piguave, E. U., Cabrera Montecé, D. S., Casanova Montero, A. R. (2016): “El intercambio ecológicamente desigual del Ecuador durante el boom de precios del período 2002-2013”, Revista Científica ECOCIENCIA, Vol. 3 (6): 1-18. Versión electrónica disponible en https://www.proquest.com/openview/bc7a837e48175b0444cc20f5744974b5/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=2043236

Falconí, F., Burbano, R. (2004). Instrumentos económicos para la gestión ambiental: decisiones monocriteriales versus decisiones multicriteriales. Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 1: 11-20. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev1_articulo2.pdf  

Falconí, F., Ramos-Martin, J., Cango, P. (2017): "Caloric unequal exchange in Latin America and the Caribbean", Ecological Economics., Vol. 134: 140-149. https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/1c3utr0/cdi_unpaywall_primary_10_1016_j_ecolecon_2017_01_009.

Falconi, F., Burbano, R., Ramos-Martin, J., Cango, P. (2019): “Toxic income as a trigger of climate change“, Sustainability, Vol. 11 (8): 2448. Versión electrónica disponible en https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082448

Fernández-Reyes, R. (2016): “El Acuerdo de París y el cambio transformacional”, Papeles de relaciones ecosociales y cambio global, No. 132: 101-114. Versión electrónica disponible en https://www.fuhem.es/papeles_articulo/el-acuerdo-de-paris-y-el-cambio-transformacional/

Giampietro, M. (2023). Multi-scale Integrated Analysis of Societal and Ecosystem Metabolism. In: Villamayor-Tomas, S., Muradian, R. (eds) The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology. Studies in Ecological Economics, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_10

Gómez-Baggethun, E. (2012): “Economía verde o la mistificación del conflicto entre crecimiento y límites ecológicos”, Ecologia Política, Núm. 44: 51-58. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/044_Gomez-Baggethun_2012.pdf

González, A.C., Sastre, S., Ramos-Martin, J. (2015): “El metabolismo socioeconómico de Cataluña, 1996-2010”, en Carpintero, O. (dir.): El metabolismo económico regional español. Madrid: FUHEM Ecosocial, 2015, 1127p., ISBN: 978-84-606-6564-9. https://www.fuhem.es/media/cdv/file/biblioteca/Metabolismo/Cap._octavo_Metabolismo_socioeconomico_Cataluna_A.C.Gonzalez_S.Sastre_J.Ramos.pdf

GRAIN (2014): Hambrientos de tierra: los pueblos indígenas y campesinos alimentan al mundo con menos de un cuarto de la tierra agrícola mundial. Disponible online en https://www.grain.org/es/article/entries/4956-hambrientos-de-tierra-los-pueblos-indigenas-y-campesinos-alimentan-al-mundo-con-menos-de-un-cuarto-de-la-tierra-agricola-mundial

Guha, R. (1995): “El ecologismo de los pobres”, Ecología Política, Núm. 8: 137-151. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/08_Guha_1995.pdf

Guzmán, G., González de Molina, M. (2008): “Transición socio-ecológica y su reflejo en un agroecosistema del sureste español (1752-1997)”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 7: 81-96. https://redibec.org/ojs/index.php/revibec/article/view/291/166

Kallis, G. (2023). Degrowth and the Barcelona School. In: Villamayor-Tomas, S., Muradian, R. (eds) The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology. Studies in Ecological Economics, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_8

Kerschner, C., Bermejo, R., Arto, I. (2010): “Petróleo y carbón: del cenit del petróleo al cénit del carbón”, Ecología Política, Núm. 39: 23-36. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/039_Kerschneretal_2010.pdf

Madrid, C., Velázquez, E. (2008). El metabolismo hídrico y los flujos de agua virtual. Una aplicación al sector hortofrutícola de Andalucía (España).Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 8: 29-47. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev8_03.pdf  

Martí, N., Vidal, V., Mànuel, D. (2000): “¿Baqueira no? El proyecto DIAFANIS de evaluación ambiental”, Ecología Política, núm. 20: 103-130. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/020_Martietal_2001.pdf

Martínez-Alier, J. (2023). A Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology. In: Villamayor-Tomas, S., Muradian, R. (eds) The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology. Studies in Ecological Economics, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_2

Moncada, M. (2006): “Flores y flujos de materiales”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 4: 17-28. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev4_02.pdf

Muñoz, P., Roca, J. (2006): “Las bases materiales del sector exportador chileno: un análisis input-output”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 4: 27-40. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev4_03.pdf

O’Neill, D. W. (2012): “Measuring progress in the degrowth transition to a steady state economy”, Ecological Economics, Vol. 84(1): 221-231. https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/1c3utr0/cdi_openaire_primary_doi_0e86943935b9be0b4b95d1bd7ee3efb6

Peinado, G. (2018): “Economía ecológica y comercio internacional: el intercambio ecológicamente desigual como visibilizador de los flujos ocultos del comercio internacional”, Revista Economía, Vol. 70 (112): 53-69. Versión electrónica disponible en http://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/ECONOMIA/article/view/2046/1910

Pérez, M.A. (2006): “Comercio exterior y flujos hídricos en la agricultura colombiana: análisis para el período 1961-2004”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 4: 3-16. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev4_01.pdf

Ramos-Martin, J., Falconi, F., Cango, P. (2017): “The concept of caloric unequal exchange and its relevance for food system analysis: The Ecuador case study”, Sustainability, Vol 9(11), 2068. Versión electronica disponible en http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su9112068 

Reyes, Viki (1996): “Sangre de Drago: La comercialización de una obra maestra de la naturaleza”, Ecología Política Núm 11: 79-87. https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/011_Reyes_1996.pdf

Scheidel, A. (2023). Does the Social Metabolism Drive Environmental Conflicts?. In: Villamayor-Tomas, S., Muradian, R. (eds) The Barcelona School of Ecological Economics and Political Ecology. Studies in Ecological Economics, vol 8. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22566-6_16

Tello, E., Garrabou, R., Cussó, X., Olarieta, J.R. (2008): “Una interpretación de los cambios de uso del suelo desde el punto de vista del metabolismo social agrario. La comarca catalana del Vallès, 1853-2004”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 7: 97-115. https://redibec.org/ojs/index.php/revibec/article/view/292/167

Toledo, V. (2008): “Metabolismos rurales: hacia una teoría económico-ecológica de la apropiación de la naturaleza, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 7: 1-26. https://redibec.org/ojs/index.php/revibec/article/view/287/162

UNCTAD (2022): “Informe sobre el comercio y el desarrollo 2022. Perspectivas de desarrollo en un mundo fracturado: Desorden global y respuestas regionales. Naciones Unidas, Ginebra, 261 p. Versión electrónica disponible en https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/tdr2022_es.pdf

Vallejo, M.C. (2006): “Estructura biofísica de la economía ecuatoriana: un estudio de los flujos directos de materiales”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 4: 55-72. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev4_05.pdf

Velasco, R., Ramos-Martin, J., Giampietro, M. (2015): "The energy metabolism of China and India between 1971 and 2010: Studying the bifurcation", Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 41: 1052-1066. Disponible online en https://bibcercador.uab.cat/permalink/34CSUC_UAB/1c3utr0/cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1660094030

Villarraga, H.G. (2023): “Population and environment”, en Padilla Rosa, E., and Ramos-Martin, J. (Eds.) (2023): Elgar Encyclopedia of Ecological Economics, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-80220-040-9.https://search-ebscohost-com.are.uab.cat/login.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=3686066&lang=es&site=ehost-live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_431 

Vogel, J.H. (2004): “Nada en bioprospección tiene sentido excepto a la luz de la economía”, Revista Iberoamericana de Economía Ecológica, Vol. 1: 66-72. Versión electrónica disponible en http://redibec.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/rev1_articulo4.pdf


Software

No need for specific software.

 


Language list

Name Group Language Semester Turn
(SEM) Seminars 1 Spanish first semester morning-mixed
(TE) Theory 1 Spanish first semester morning-mixed