Molecular and Physiological Neurobiology
Code: 42890 ECTS Credits: 9| Degree | Type | Year | Semester |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4313792 Neurosciences | OB | 0 | 1 |
| 4313794 Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine | OT | 0 | 1 |
Contact
- Name:
- Enrique Claro Izaguirre
- Email:
- enrique.claro@uab.cat
Use of Languages
- Principal working language:
- spanish (spa)
Teachers
- Antonio Armario Garcia
- Victoria Clos Guillén
- Marcel Jimenez Farrerons
- Xavier Navarro Acebes
- José Rodriguez Alvarez
- Jordi Ortiz de Pablo
- Enrique Claro Izaguirre
- Carlos Alberto Saura Antolin
- Esther Udina Bonet
- Guillermo Garcia Alias
- Roser Masgrau Juanola
- Alfredo Jesús Miñano Molina
- Francesc Jimenez Altayo
- Ruben Lopez Vales
Prerequisites
Good level of English. Part of the classes and some of the materials will be given in English, so good level of this language is mandatory
In case any of the students does not speak Catalan, classes will be given in Spanish and/or English, so knowledge of Spanish is also mandatory.
Students with a degree in the biosciences field or similar (Biology, biochemistry, biotechnology, microbiology, genetics, biomedical sciences, medicine, veterinary, pharmacy, psychology...)
Knowledge about neuroanatomy is highly recommended. Background in biochemistry and physiology is expected.
Objectives and Contextualisation
The main goal of the module is to learn the chemical, cellular and functional characteristics of the central and peripheral nervous system in order to reach a basic knowledge of Neurosciences, to be able to understand any field in neurosciences and the bases of the pathologies of the nervous system.
Competences
- Neurosciences
- Act in one's own field of knowledge evaluating inequalities based on sex/gender.
- Analyze the performance of the motor, sensory and autonomic systems and the brain integrative functions, and know the experimental techniques used to study.
- Continue the learning process, to a large extent autonomously
- Explain how the intermediary metabolism of the nervous system, chemical processes and pharmacology transmission based receptors, transporters and enzymes of the metabolism of neurotransmitters or their transduction mechanisms work.
- Explain the basis of treatments for pathologies of the nervous system.
- Use acquired knowledge as a basis for originality in the application of ideas, often in a research context.
- Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biomedicine
- Analyse and correctly interpret the molecular mechanisms operating in living beings and identify their applications.
- Analyse and explain normal morphology and physiological processes and their alterations at the molecular level using the scientific method.
- Continue the learning process, to a large extent autonomously.
- Develop critical reasoning within the subject area and in relation to the scientific or business context.
- Use acquired knowledge as a basis for originality in the application of ideas, often in a research context.
- Use and manage bibliography and IT resources related to biochemistry, molecular biology or biomedicine.
Learning Outcomes
- Act in one's own field of knowledge evaluating inequalities based on sex/gender.
- Continue the learning process, to a large extent autonomously
- Continue the learning process, to a large extent autonomously.
- Describe the processes of synthesis and inactivation of neurotransmitters.
- Describe the working and the regulation of motor circuits, circuits of the autonomous nervous system and sensorial circuits.
- Develop critical reasoning within the subject area and in relation to the scientific or business context.
- Distinguish the mechanisms of action of drugs that modulate the action of neurotransmitters.
- Evaluate and implement improvements or changes, either in methods or parameters, in the clinical laboratory.
- Explain electric phenomena in neurons, in molecular and ionic terms.
- Explain the mechanism of action of drugs that are useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative processes.
- Identify and describe the working of brain integration functions.
- Recognise and explain the characteristics and special requirements of biochemical and genetic analyses in clinical laboratories
- Use acquired knowledge as a basis for originality in the application of ideas, often in a research context.
- Use and manage bibliography and IT resources related to biochemistry, molecular biology or biomedicine.
Content
PROGRAM OF THE SUBJECT *
Molecular and Physiological Neurobiology (Module 2)
¨ Generalities on neurotransmission and receptor pharmacology (Dr Claro). 2h
General characteristics of synapse and chemical neurotransmission
General concepts on receptor pharmacology: Specificity and multiplicity of neurotransmitter action
Agonists and antagonists
Interaction ligand-receptor and associated responses: affinity and EC50
¨ Signal transduction mechanisms (Dra Masgrau). 4h
Receptors directly/indirectly linked to ionic channels
Structure and pharmacological sites of action
Receptors linked to G proteins
Receptors with tyrosine kinase activity
¨ Excitatory and inhibitory aminoacid neurotransmission (Dr Miñano). 4h
Metabolism of glutamate and other excitatory amino acids
Pharmacology of glutamate receptors
Ionotropic and metabotropic receptors
GABA metabolism, GABA receptors pharmacology
Glycine receptors
¨ Serotoninergic neurotransmission (Dr Jiménez Altaya). 1'5h
Metabolism of serotonin
Pharmacology of serotonin receptors
Monoaminergic hypothesis of depression
¨ Noradrenergic neurotransmission (Dr Jiménez Altaya). 1'5h
¨ Dopaminergic neurotransmission (Dra Clos). 1'5h
¨ Cholinergic neurotransmission (Dra Clos). 1'5h
Metabolism of acetylcholine
Functional aspects ofcholinergic neurotransmission
Pharmacology of cholinergic receptors
¨ Histaminergic neurotransmission (Dr Ortiz). 2h
Metabolism of histamine
Pharmacology of histamine receptors
¨ Purinergic neurotransmission (Dr Saura). 2h
Metabolism of adenosine and purine nucleotides
Pharmacology of purinergic receptors
¨ Neuropeptides (Dr Armario). 2h
¨ Electrical phenomena of neurons (Dr Jiménez Farrerons). 2h
Ionic transport across cell membrane
Active transport, Ionic channels, transmembrane resting potential
Action potential: generation and propagation
Production of pulse trains. Stimulus / frequency relation
¨ Somatosensory systems (Dr López Vales). 4h
Introduction to sensory physiology
Sensory receptors
Sensory pathways coding
Central integration and sensory information transduction
Somatic sensitivity to touch, kinesthesia, thermal, pain, and visceral
¨ Motor systems (Dr García-Alias). 6h
Excitation and muscle contraction
Functional structure of striatal muscle fibers
Electrical phenomena. Neuro-muscular transmission
Mechanisms of muscle contraction in striatal and smooth fibers
Segmentary control of movement and posture
Motor Unit
Segmentary reflex
Gamma-motor system
Propiospinal control circuits
Suprasegmentary control of movement and posture
Motor cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia
Motor centers of brainstem
Cerebellum
¨ Autonomic nervous system (Dr Navarro). 3h
Efferent systems
Hypothalamus. Functional organization and multi-systemic control
Limbic system and cerebral cortex
Autonomic regulation of visceral functions
¨ Special Senses (Dr Udina). 4h
Taste sensitivity: Receptors, sensations, pathways and central connections
Olfactory sensitivity: Receptors, sensations, pathways and central connections
Hearing sensitivity
Vestibular sensitivity
Optic sensitivity
¨ Integrative functions in the brain (Dr Navarro). 1h
Electrical brain activity
Biological rhythms
Functional organization of neocortex
Language
¨ Practical sessions.
Nerve conduction and channels (Dr Jiménez Farrerons). 2h
Electromyography (Dr Navarro). 2h
¨ Integrative Seminars.
Dr José Rodríguez-Álvarez
Dr Alfredo J. Miñano
Dra Roser Masgrau
Dr Enrique Claro
Dr Guillermo García-Alías
Dr Marcel Jiménez
Methodology
Combination of theoretical lectures and working with scientific articles where the more relevant themes will be exposed. It is assumed that the student will complement these sessions with reading of papers and books. Autonomous study is required for the student to reach the knowledge required to pass the module.
Laboratory practices will be done where the student will learn through the practice of some of the theoretical concepts. These practical sessions will be evaluated by means of a group work or a short evaluation at the end of the session.
Integrative seminars will be performed where the students have to prepare some articles that will be discussed in a seminar class. To understand the articles, students must integrate the knowledge of the program and its application on research.
Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.
Activities
| Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Type: Directed | |||
| Integrative seminars | 11 | 0.44 | |
| Laboratory practicals | 4 | 0.16 | |
| Theoretical classes | 42 | 1.68 | |
| Type: Autonomous | |||
| Autonomous study | 106 | 4.24 | |
| Integrative seminars preparation | 42 | 1.68 | |
| Work preparation | 15 | 0.6 |
Assessment
To pass the module, students must get a minimum mark of 5 (to 10). Two writen exams will amount 35% each of this mark (students need a minimum of 4 in each exam to average). The remaining 30% of the mark will be evaluated in the practical sessions (through a group work or a short evaluation at the end of the practical session) and in the integrative seminars (through the participation of the students and a short evaluation at the end of each session). The students that have been presented to the two partial exams (set of evidences greater than 2/3 of the continuous evaluation) can only be presented for recovery. Thus, the student will be graded as "No Avaluable" if the weighthin of all conducted evaluation activities is less than 67% of the final score".
Important: If plagiarism is detected in any of the works submitted, the student may fail the whole module.
Assessment Activities
| Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluation of Integrative seminars | 15 | 0.8 | 0.03 | 1, 5, 4, 8, 6, 7, 12, 9, 3, 2, 13, 14 |
| Evaluation of Practical sessions | 15 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 9, 3, 2, 13, 14 |
| Writen exam 1st Part | 35 | 2 | 0.08 | 1, 5, 4, 8, 7, 12, 10, 9, 11, 13 |
| Writen exam 2nd Part | 35 | 2 | 0.08 | 1, 5, 4, 8, 7, 12, 10, 9, 11, 13 |
Bibliography
-Kandel E. Principles of Neural Science. Sixth edition, McGraw Hill, 2021.
-Purves D. Neuroscience, Oxford University Press USA, 2017.
-Waxman S. Molecular Neurology. Academic Press, Last edition 2014 (eBook).
-Cooper JR. The Biochemical Basis of Neuropharmacology, 8th ed. Oxford Univ Press, 2002.
-Pratt WB, P Taylor. Principles of Drug Action. Churchill Livingstone, New York 1990.
-Siegel GJ. Basic Neurochemistry, 8th ed. Academic Press, 2012.
- Carpenter RHS. Neurophysiology, 5th ed. Taylor & Francis Ltd. 2012.
- Cardinali. Neurociencia aplicada: sus fundamentos. Ed Panamericana, Buenos Aires, 2007
- Matthews GG. Neurobiology. Ed Blackwell Science, 2001.
- Squire LR et al. Fundamental Neuroscience. 4th ed. Academic Press, 2014.
Software
If you need specific additional software, it will be provided by the corresponding teaching staff.