Degree | Type | Year | Semester |
---|---|---|---|
2501922 Nanoscience and Nanotechnology | OB | 3 | 2 |
It is recommended to have passed the subject "Quatum Phenomena I"
Basic knowledge of quantum mechanics phenomena complementary to subjects learned in Quantum Phenomena I with specific focus on the behaviour of matter and the applications at the nanoscale. The course is organized in six units:
In the first unit, the emphasis is placed on some of the topics covered in Quantum Phenomena I that are developed in more detail. The second unit deals with the electronic atomic states and the magnetic moment of the
electrons. In the third unit the Zeeman effect, the nuclear magnetic moment and the magnetic resonance are studied in deepness. The fourth unit offers a brief introduction to the classical and quantum statistics complemented
with the study of the density and occupation of electronic states. The fifth unit deals with the study of square potential wells and barriers, with some applications to the nanoscience world. The subject is closed with a sixth unit where the attention
is focused on the study of triangular and parabolic potential wells, and a brief introduction to parabolic and hyperbolic potential barriers, with some examples at the nanoscale.
The subject Quantum Phenomena II helps the student to have a solid knowledge of some specific topics of quantum mechanics and how they can be used as essential tools for the understanding of the behaviour of matter at the nanoscale.
– Emphasis and applications of some subjects issues addressed in FQI.
Schrödinger equation in 1D and 3D. The angular moment beyond the spherical harmonics: the spin. The Hydrogen atom revisited. Fine and hyperfine structures. Solution of the Hamiltonian: matrix notation. Stationary perturbation theory (synthesis).
– Magnetic Moment. Multielectronic atoms.
Magnetic moment in classical physics. Relationship between the orbital magnetic moment and the orbital angular momentum: Diamagnetism. Permanent magnetic moment: Paramagnetism. General theorem of precession. Multielectronic states: angular momentum. Brief summary of the solution of the Schrödinger equation for to the Hydrogen atom. Russell-Saunders coupling. Hund’s rules. Exchange interaction. Spin-orbit coupling. Effect of the crystalline field on molecules and solids. Permanent magnetic properties. Magnetic moment associated with the electronic orbital momentum. Electronic spin: associated magnetic moment. Spin-orbit coupling: associated magnetic moment. Atomic paramagnetism.
– Atoms / ions in an external magnetic field.
Zeeman effect. Selection rules of electronic transitions. Nuclear spin; associated magnetic moment. Hyperfine interaction. Electrical quadrupole interaction. Hyperfine structure in an applied magnetic field. Magnetic resonance. Electronic paramagnetic resonance. Nuclear magnetic resonance.
– Density of states and occupation.
Characteristic lengths in nanoscopic systems. Quantum wells, quantum wires and quantum dots. Dimensionality and energy levels. Sommerfeld’s model of free electrons. Travelling waves: Born-von Kárman’s boundary conditions. Density of states (DOS); Fermi level. DOS in 3D in the Sommerfeld’s model. Fermi level. DOS in 3D for traveling waves. DOS in 2D and 1D. Statistical distributions. Maxwell-Boltzmann’s distribution. Bose-Einstein’s distribution. Fermi-Dirac distribution; some considerations. Occupation of the energy levels. Fermi-Dirac function and physical properties.
– Square potential wells and square potential barriers: applications to Nanoscience.
Finite and symmetric square well potential in 1D. Square potential barrier in 1D; tunnel effect. Square potential step in 1D. Physical nanostructures and dimensionality. Fundamental structures of electronic devices. Energy bands in 3D semiconductors. Energy bands dispersions in 3D semiconductors. Potential wells in semiconductors; the MODFET. Double potential well barrier; the resonant tunnel diode. Multiple quantum wells; IR photodetectors. Superlattices.
– Triangular and parabolic wells: applications to Nanoscience.
Triangular quantum well in 1D. 2DEG systems; the MOSFET. Square well potential in an applied electric field; modulators. Parabolic quantum well in 1D; the harmonic oscillator. Atomic vibrations of diatomic molecules. Effect of a magnetic field on an electron gas. Magnetic field in a 2D system: Landau levels and density of states. Extension to 3D systems. Applications. Hyperbolic quantum barrier: alpha disintegration. Parabolic quantum barrier. Applications: chemical and biochemical reactions.
Theory classes
The teacher will explain the content of the program in audiovisual support. Support material hanged on the Campus Virtual will be available to the students.
Classes of problems
The aim of the problems classes is to consolidate and see how the knowledge acquired in the theory classes is put into practice. They will be interspersed with the theory classes to crefinlarify some aspects. Otherwise, they will be completed at the end of each of the thematic units. Some problems will be solved by the teacher. Some others will be solved y the students and exposed in a oral presentation.
Group activities
In this special sessions the students will confront specific problems with a group problem solving strategy.
Annotation: Within the schedule set by the centre or degree programme, 15 minutes of one class will be reserved for students to evaluate their lecturers and their courses or modules through questionnaires.
Title | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|
Type: Directed | |||
Problems class | 16 | 0.64 | 4, 3, 10, 6, 5, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 19 |
Theoretical classes | 30 | 1.2 | 4, 3, 10, 1, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 18, 22 |
problem solving activities in the classroom | 8 | 0.32 | 2, 4, 3, 10, 6, 15, 18, 20, 19, 21, 22 |
Type: Supervised | |||
Oral presentations | 6 | 0.24 | 2, 4, 3, 6, 5, 7, 8, 13, 11, 9, 12, 18, 19, 23 |
Problem solving | 6 | 0.24 | 3, 1, 7, 14, 15, 18, 20, 19, 24, 21, 22 |
Type: Autonomous | |||
Study | 68 | 2.72 | 2, 4, 10, 6, 8, 13, 11, 12, 14, 15, 20, 24, 23 |
Written exams:
The weighting is 70% of the final score. Two partial exams will be scheduled throughout the course and a final exam if necessary. The two partial exams have the same weight (35%). If the two partial exams have been approved (above 4) it will not be necessary to go to the Final exam. If one or both partial exams have not been approved (below 4), the final exam will be required. It is mandatory to approve this part (above 4) to pass the subject.
If students do not take part in the solving problems group or do bnot particpate in the other activities, the two written exams will represent 100% of the note.
Solved problems:
Suppose 15% of the note. Students will have to give the teacher a document with the solved problems together with an oral presentation. The solution of problems, delivery of the corresponding documents and oral presentation in class are obligatory to pass the subject.
Other activities
Group learning strategies in the classroom, exercices and summary of articles. (15%).
Final Exam
Any student can go to the Final exam to increase his/her qualification. that can be done for the 1st part, for the 2nd part or for both. The qualification obtained in the Final Exam is the qualification that will be used to average with the other activities used for evaluation.
Title | Weighting | Hours | ECTS | Learning Outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Side activities | 15% | 6 | 0.24 | 2, 4, 10, 6, 5, 8, 13, 11, 9, 12, 14, 15, 24, 23 |
Solved problems | 15% | 2 | 0.08 | 2, 4, 10, 6, 5, 8, 13, 11, 12, 14, 15, 19, 24, 23 |
Written exams (mid-term and final) | 70% | 8 | 0.32 | 4, 3, 6, 5, 1, 7, 9, 14, 15, 17, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22 |
There is no a basic reference book. The teacher delivers to students (in the Campus Virtual) six pdf units with all the students need: lectures and solved problem.