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2020/2021

Writing for Journalism II

Code: 104989 ECTS Credits: 12
Degree Type Year Semester
2501933 Journalism OB 2 A
The proposed teaching and assessment methodology that appear in the guide may be subject to changes as a result of the restrictions to face-to-face class attendance imposed by the health authorities.

Contact

Name:
David Vidal Castell
Email:
David.Vidal@uab.cat

Use of Languages

Principal working language:
catalan (cat)
Some groups entirely in English:
No
Some groups entirely in Catalan:
Yes
Some groups entirely in Spanish:
No

Teachers

José Vicente Rabadán Perea
Antoni Vall Karsunke

Prerequisites

- Basic knowledge in writing in Catalan and Spanish.
										
											
										
											- Basic knowledge about theory and history of Journalism.
										
											
										
											- Basic knowledge of journalistic genre theory.
										
											
										
											- Contextual knowledge of current news: habit of reading the press.

Objectives and Contextualisation

- The student will know the history and theory of interpretive informative journalism and the genres of journalistic quality, in all the media in which they are developed.
										
											
										
											- The student will acquire rudimentary knowledge of philosophy of language, rhetoric, narratology and stylistics applied to the analysis and writing of interpretive informative genres.
										
											
										
											- The student will develop critical thinking about the dominant paradigm in journalism theory.
										
											
										
											- The student will identify and characterize the journalistic genres in their use and will be able to propose compositional and stylistic strategies that innovate in a sense of successful functionality.
										
											
										
											- The student will be able to write in a solvent way interpretative informative texts and, concretely, chronicle, interview and report, in his diverse varieties and adapted to the diverse supports.

Competences

  • Abide by ethics and the canons of journalism, as well as the regulatory framework governing information.
  • Be familiar with and apply the theoretical and practical foundations of journalistic writing and narrative and its applications in the different genres, media and formats.
  • Demonstrate a self-learning and self-demanding capacity to ensure an efficient job.
  • Develop autonomous learning strategies.
  • Manage time effectively.
  • Relay journalistic information in the language characteristic of each communication medium, in its combined modern forms or on digital media, and apply the genres and different journalistic procedures.
  • Research, select and arrange in hierarchical order any kind of source and useful document to develop communication products.
  • Respect the diversity and plurality of ideas, people and situations.

Learning Outcomes

  1. Adapt written texts to the specific needs implied by the use of technologies and their systems to process, produce and relay information.
  2. Apply ethical principles and legal standards in producing journalistic texts.
  3. Demonstrate a self-learning and self-demanding capacity to ensure an efficient job.
  4. Develop autonomous learning strategies.
  5. Distinguish theories of journalistic writing and narrative to apply them to news and other journalistic genres in the print media.
  6. Manage time effectively.
  7. Research, select and arrange in hierarchical order any kind of source and useful document to develop communication products.
  8. Respect the diversity and plurality of ideas, people and situations.
  9. Write all kinds of informative texts for the press, radio, television and multimedia.

Content

1. The history of genres of journalistic quality and their social function.
										
											
										
											1.1 Journalism as a Capitalist Business of Truth: The Story of W.R. Hearts and J. Pulitzer. The legitimacy of political and economic power in Western liberal democracies. The press surveillance function as an alibi: the Remember the Maine campaign.
										
											
										
											1.2 The first definition of journalistic genres: facts are sacred, comments are free, and the facts-facts-facts of Pulitzer. Establishing the distinction between information, interpretation and opinion. The news, the news of appointments, the informative chronicle. The incipient conflict between two paradigms of journalism theory.
										
											
										
											1.2.1 The forms of the incorporation of the voices in the texts: articulation (connected) between summary and quotation like basic procedure of the informative journalistic writing (summary, quotation and scene like narrative contribution). Forms of citation: direct, indirect, free indirect style and other extreme forms (stream of consciousness).
										
											
										
											1.2.2 Contributions of textual linguistics and pragmatics to informative writing: how we construct the appearance of objectivity from subjectivity. Illocutionary attributions, ideological designations and contextual extensions.
										
											
										
											1.3 Another tradition of journalism is born from the margins: the consolidation of investigative journalism: Nelly Bly, Theodor Dreiser and the muckrakers: Lincoln Steffens, John Reed, Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, etc. The change of gaze: the observation and the subject in the environment. From field to interpretation: Rosana Gurber, John Berger: ways of seeing. The emergence of chronicle, interview and reportage as narrative genres. Connection with the successors of the Lost Generation: J. Steinbeck / D. Lange (Los vagabundos de la cosecha), J. Dos Passos (In front of the electric chair), J. Agee / W.Evans (Let's praise the famous men now), the urban chronicle by Djuna Barnes and J. Mitchell. Collective memory versus hegemonic memory and the role of the journalistic field.

2. Is journalism a priesthood of truth? The conflict between positivism and relativism and its political consequences.
										
											
										
											2.1 Epistemology and philosophy of knowledge: what is language? Being as a loquens animal: everything in our mental life is in words or in search of words. Two traditions about language in the West: trust and skepticism (Uban). The linguistic turn as an awareness of the linguistic nature of thought and the rhetorical condition of language.
										
											
										
											2.2 Application to the linguistic and emparauladora work of journalism: relativistic / critical paradigm that confronts the objectivist paradigm. Political reading of the positivist epistemological option: everything is already said and done, we just have to recite it.
										
											
										
											2.3 Journalism as a form of knowledge of a linguistic nature that seeks to support experience and build a possible world.
										
											
										
											 
										
											
										
											3. The theory of discourse genres and journalistic genres.
										
											
										
											3.1 The objectivist paradigm and its theory of genres: facts are sacred, comments are free. The emergence of the paradigm of interpretive reporting and journalism as a process of successive interpretation (Ll.Gomis). Deconstruction of the generic distinction between information, interpretation and opinion.
										
											
										
											3.2 Contributions of the modern theory of discourse genres: Bakhtin and the new rhetoric: what is a discourse genre?
										
											
										
											3.2.1 Types of genres: primary and secondary. Hybridization and innovation as the nature of the discourse genre. Gender as a result of a tension between form and function: analysis of generic series and presence of constants and variables.




4. Rhetoric and discourse theory: pragmatics and textual linguistics.

4.1 Rhetoric: the ars recta discendi and the ares bene discendi: the ability to find in each subject what is best suited to persuade an audience. Ethos, logos and pathos.

4.2 Formal rhetoric and logic: two opposite forms of plot work and linguistic knowledge. The distinction between truth, veracity and verisimilitude: rhetoric (and journalism) communicate the effectiveness of verisimilitude.

4.2.1 The syllogism of formal logic and the syllogism of rhetoric, the entimema. Presence of entimemes in journalistic writing and its relationship to stereotypes (Walter Lippman)

4.3 The parts of rhetoric: inventio, dispositio, elocutio, memoria and actio. Inventio, argumentation: figures, fallacies and syllogisms. Invention and thematology. The structure of the device: exordium, body and tail. Elocutio and the forms of speech: emotion and reason.

5. The story and narratology.

5.1 The narrative paradigm: the story as a way of knowing and structuring the experience of the real. The figure of bound time (E. Lynch); the story as a symbolic way of mastering contingency (Ll. Duch). The construction of personal and collective imagination: thematology (P. Brunnel, Elizabeth Frenzel, Bachelard). Narrative writing as an accessible (and popular) way of accessing complexity (coincidentia oppositorum) and alluding to the ineffable



5.2Narratology: Story Theory: Forms of Composition and Style. Stage writing in realist literature: detail and dialogue (Nabokov), scene, dialogue, character and point of view (T. Wolfe).

										
											5.3 The point of view: the instance from which the story is told or shown. The cognitive and expressive prerogatives of points of view: from where the narrator’s voice, as far as he knows, looks at the story. Types of views and applications (and examples) in news journalism.
										
											
										
											5.4 The plot: the temporal movements with which we construct the story from the story. Synchronous and anachronistic plots. Analepsis, prolepsis and ellipsis. Plot montages: single or multiple parallel montages. ‘Rashomon’ technique and derivatives. Applications (and examples) in news journalism.
										
											
										
											5.5 The characters and the spaces. Main and secondary characters, flat and round, evolutionary and dynamic. Typicality: types, stereotypes and archetypes. The hero and the anti-hero. The construction of the character: prosopography and etopeia. The relevance of detail and fragment: characterizing and revealing detail (anagnoritic). Applications (and examples) in news journalism.
										
											
										
											 
										
											
										
											6. The tradition of narrative journalism: 'new journalism'
										
											
										
											6.1 The American tradition: the birth of pop culture and the emergence of new media and new journalists that explain the social transformation of the 60s and 70s: The New Yorker, Esquire and Rolling Stone. John Hersey, Tom Wolfe, Hunter S. Thompson. Joan Didion. The birth of the tradition of the non-fiction novel: Truman Capote (In Cold Blood) and Normal Mailer (The Armies of the Night, The Executioner's Song).
										
											
										
											6.2 The Latin American school: Rodolfo Walsh, Gabriel García Márquez and the NPI Foundation. Tomás Eloy Martínez. The tradition today (Leila Guerrero, Martín Caparrós, Julio Villanueva Chang and the main magazines and media).

6.3 Th
e European School: Gunter Wallraff, Oriana Fallaci, Roberto Saviano. The diverse forms of the testimonial sort of the gonzo journalism.

										
											6.4 Narrative journalism in Spain and Catalonia: from the textbooks of Rafael de Mainar and the El Debate school to the innovative journalism of Barcelona in the 1930s. José María Carretero and graphic magazines. Irene Polo’s journalism; Josep Maria Planas, Eugeni Xammar, Agustí Calvet and Carles Sentís. The contributions of the Transition: M. Vicent, Maruja Torres, Montserrat Roig, Baltasar Porcel, Manu Leguineche, M. Vázquez Montalbán, etc.
										
											
										
											 7. The informative interview and the character interview and its variants.
										
											
										
											History of the genre and its constant and variable characteristics of function and form. The journalistic method: the sources and design of the work. The ethnographic approach: the field and the rules. The responsibility of the journalist: prejudices and stereotypes. Method: observation and interview. Look: authorship.
										
											
										
											 8. The chronicle and its range
										
											
										
											History of the genre and its constant and variable characteristics of function and form. The journalistic method: the sources and design of the work. The ethnographic approach: the field and the rules. The responsibility of the journalist: prejudices and stereotypes. Method: observation and interview. Look: authorship.
										
											
										
											 9. The report
 History of the genre and its constant and variable characteristics of function and form. The journalistic method: the sources and design of the work. The ethnographic approach: the field and the rules. The responsibility of the journalist: prejudices and stereotypes. Method: observation and interview. Look: authorship.

										
											
										
											10. Other genres of journalistic quality with informative neighborhood.
										
											
										
											The analysis, the report and the genres of the customs: picture, portrait and article of customs.

PRACTICAL WORK

INSTRUMENTAL ONES

Practices of an instrumental nature are not assessable with the same weight as the scoring tests, but they are part of the classroom work which, at the end of the course, also has a percentage within the grade of not more than 15%. A. Informative writing (2/3): writing texts with quotes and sources, articulation of scene and summary, use of connectors, construction of illocutionary attributions, ideological designations and extensions of context. Practice textualization of recordings. B. The scene and the dialogue (2): collection of idiolect, rhythm, forms of dialogue, function of live dialogue in a story. Scene writing as a descriptive and narrative construction: detail and fragment. The characterization of the character. C. The portrait (2): prosopography and etopeia. Figurative, symbolic, impressionist, expressionist portrait. The character and his depth: types and stereotypes (and the substratum of archetypes). Round and flat characters, evolutionary and static, main and secondary. D. The plot: the generation of narrative tension and rhythm in the story (2). Relationship between story time and story time. Temporal movements: prolepsy, ellipsis and analepsy. Isochronic and anachronistic plots: beginning in media res or ab ovo. Rhythm as an alternation of summary and scene in the writing of journalistic quality genres.

II. Journalistic genres A. Informative chronicle (3 practices, the last two will be graded) B. Informative interview (2 practices, the last one to be graded) C. Character / likeness interview. (1 practice, scoring) D. Report (2 practices, the last one to be graded)

 

Methodology


The proposed teaching methodology and assessment may be subject to change depending on the attendance restrictions imposed by the health authorities. Also, the detailed calendar with the content of the different sessions will be presented on the day of presentation of the subject. It will also be posted on the Virtual Campus where students will be able to find a detailed description of the exercises and practices, the various teaching materials and any information necessary for the proper follow-up of the subject. In case of change of teaching modality for health reasons, the teachers will inform of the changes that will take place in the programming of the subject and in the teaching methodologies. The course will have approximately 30 weeks over the two semesters. We will alternate, at least in the first semester (we will follow the recommendations of the authorities and the rectory in the second semester), the face-to-face weeks, in which 3h will be done. face-to-face practical work, in which readings, critiques and writing works with corrections will be made, with weeks of 3 hours of virtual work of theoretical work, which will be: online theory sessions, autonomous and supervised reading of texts, copies and theorists , which will then have to be commented on in live or written chats, with occasional commissions. Theory activities will be complemented with two course papers (or only one of a higher approach) of the essay type on current quality news journalism problems: emergence of new media, crises, new resources (algorithms, new narratives, newsgaming ... ). The internship training activities include the writing of 16 internships throughout the course, 8 of the so-called instrumentasl, aimed at mastering stylistic, expressive and compositional skills, and 8 internships in the three main genres of journalistic quality: chronicle, interview and report.

Activities

Title Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
Type: Directed      
Reading of theoretical texts and discussion in virtual formats (online chats) in dialogue with the theory sessions 30 1.2 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 8
Writing 8 instrumental practices on descriptive and narrative writing related to the expressive skills needed for journalistic genres. 30 1.2 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6
Writing 8 internships in interpretive journalistic genres (chronicle, 2; interview, 3; and report, 2) 40 1.6 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6, 8
Type: Supervised      
Reading of exemplary texts and face-to-face discussion on chronicles, interviews and reports 40 1.6 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6
Writing one or two papers (essays) on current problems of quality news journalism. 40 1.6 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 6
Type: Autonomous      
Recommended reading of bibliography, both journalistic examples and theoretical references. 20 0.8 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6

Assessment

The proposed teaching methodology and assessment may be subject to change depending on the attendance restrictions imposed by the health authorities.
										
											
										
											In this case, the detailed calendar with the content of the different sessions will be presented on the day of presentation of the subject. It will also be posted on the Virtual Campus where students will be able to find a detailed description of the exercises and practices, the various teaching materials and any information necessary for the proper follow-up of the subject. In case of change of teaching modality for health reasons, the teachers will inform of the changes that will take place in the programming of the subject and in the teaching methodologies.
										
											
										
											the final grade of the subject consists of 70% of the final practical grade plus 30% of the final grade of theory. You must have passed both in order to be evaluated with a final pass.
										
											
										
											EVALUATION AND PRACTICAL GRADE
Instrumental practices: instrumental practices are not assessable with the same weight as the scoring tests, but generate up to 15% of the final practice mark. Seran: - Informative writing (2 or 3): writing texts with quotations and sources, articulation of scene and summary, use of connectors, construction of illocutionary attributions, ideological designations and extensions of context. Practice textualization of recordings. - The scene and the dialogue (2): collection of idiolect, rhythm, forms of dialogue, function of live dialogue in a story. Scene writing as a descriptive and narrative construction: detail and fragment. The characterization of the character. - The portrait (2): prosopography and etopeia. Figurative, symbolic, impressionist, expressionist portrait. The character and his depth: types and stereotypes (and the substratum of archetypes). Round and flat characters, evolutionary and static, main and secondary. - The plot:the generation of narrative tension and rhythm in the story (2). Relationship between story time and story time. Temporal movements: prolepsy, ellipsis and analepsy. Isochronic and anachronistic plots: beginning in media res or ab ovo. Rhythm as an alternation of summary and scene in the writing of journalistic quality genres.

PRACTICAL WORK AND WRITING OF JOURNALISTIC GENDERS: they will be worth 85% of the final mark of practices, and will be:
										
											
										
											- Informative chronicle (3 practices, the last two scoreable, 20% of the final note each).
										
											
										
											- Informative interview (2 practices, the last one to be scored, 20% of the mark).
										
											
										
											- Character / similarity interview. (1 practice, scoring, 20% of the grade)
										
											
										
											- Report (2 practices, the last one to be scored, 20% of the mark)
										
											
										
											 In order to be assessed, at least 4 of the 5 scoring practices must have been submitted.
										
											
										
											If having delivered the minimum of the marks to be scored, the student fails, with a minimum of 3.5 / 10, will be able to do a recovery work consisting of redoing those suspended genres (supposed to be one or two) within the deadlines for revaluation.
										
											
										
											 In the case of second enrollment, students will be able to take a single synthesis test that will consist of completing the final theory exam and writing at least two of the three main genres of the course. The grade of the subject will correspond to the grade of the synthesis test.
										
											
										
											IMPORTANT NOTICE: The student who commits any irregularity (copying, plagiarism, impersonation, ...) will be qualified with this assessment act. In case of several irregularities, the final grade of the subject will be 0
 

Assessment Activities

Title Weighting Hours ECTS Learning Outcomes
Reading of theoretical texts and discussion in virtual formats (online chats) in dialogue with the theory sessions: classroom work. 6% 20 0.8 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6
Writing 8 instrumental practices on descriptive and narrative writing related to the expressive skills needed for journalistic genres. 10,5% 20 0.8 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6
Writing 8 interpretive journalistic genres (chronicle, 2; interview, 3; and report, 2:) 59,5% (11,9% x 5 puntuables) 30 1.2 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6, 8
Writing one or two papers (essays) on current problems of quality news journalism. 24% 30 1.2 1, 2, 7, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6, 8

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